A device for subjecting vascular endothelial cells to both fluid shear stress and circumferential cyclic stretch

Moore, James E.; Bürki, E.; Suciu, Andreas; Zhao, Shuai; Burnier, Michel; Brunner, Hans R.; Meister, Jean-Jacques

doi:10.1007/bf02368248

Cited by 98 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Both of these mechanical stimuli influence vascular cell functionality. For example, if ECs are grown on a deformable substrate and subjected to cyclic uniaxial stretching, they reorient away from the stretching direction (Wang et al 2000;Owatverot et al 2005), and it is observed that the alignment of ECs subjected to WSS appears to be significantly enhanced by the addition of cyclic stretching (Moore Jr et al 1994). In fact, Owatverot et al 2005 suggest that, in vivo, arterial ECs are likely to be receiving a stronger cyclic stretch stimulus than WSS stimulus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In monolayers, cells align perpendicular to the direction of cyclic stretching whereas within three-dimensional environments, cells align in the direction of cyclic stretch (Rubbens et al 2009). For instance, ECs align with the mean direction of flow and perpendicular to the direction of cyclic stretching (Moore Jr et al 1994). SMCs align in the direction of (circumferential) cyclic stretching, and it is observed that in 2D monolayers they align perpendicular to the applied haemodynamic WSS (Lee et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Modelling evolution and the evolving mechanical environment of saccular cerebral aneurysms

Watton

Selimovic

Raberger

et al. 2010

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

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A fluid-solid-growth (FSG) model of saccular cerebral aneurysm evolution is developed. It utilises a realistic two-layered structural model of the internal carotid artery and explicitly accounts for the degradation of the elastinous constituents and growth and remodelling (G&R) of the collagen fabric. Aneurysm inception is prescribed: a localised degradation of elastin results in a perturbation in the arterial geometry; the collagen fabric adapts, and the artery achieves a new homeostatic configuration. The perturbation to the geometry creates an altered haemodynamic environment. Subsequent degradation of elastin is explicitly linked to low wall shear stress (WSS) in a confined region of the arterial domain. A sidewall saccular aneurysm develops, the collagen fabric adapts and the aneurysm stabilises in size. A quasi-static analysis is performed to determine the geometry at diastolic pressure. This enables the cyclic stretching of the tissue to be quantified, and we propose a novel index to quantify the degree of biaxial stretching of the tissue. Whilst growth is linked to low WSS from a steady (systolic) flow analysis, a pulsatile flow analysis is performed to compare steady and pulsatile flow parameters during evolution. This model illustrates the evolving mechanical environment for an idealised saccular cerebral aneurysm developing on a cylindrical parent artery and provides the guidance to more sophisticated FSG models of aneurysm evolution which link G&R to the local mechanical stimuli of vascular cells.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Modelling evolution and the evolving mechanical environment of saccular cerebral aneurysms

Watton

Selimovic

Raberger

et al. 2010

Biomech Model Mechanobiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We will refer to the phase angle between CS and WSS as the stress phase angle (SPA). Several groups have examined morphological and biochemical responses of ECs simultaneously subjected to WSS and CS which were in phase (SPA = 0°) and have observed that the response to simultaneous forces differs from the response to the individual forces [13, 18, 19], but the effects on EC behavior of simultaneous WSS and CS at physiological SPA has not yet been assessed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the venous side of the systemic circulation, there is almost no diameter variation due to the low pressure pulse. It is also well known that strain affects EC morphology [11, 12, 13]and biochemical response [14, 15, 16, 17]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between Wall Shear Stress and Circumferential Strain Affects Endothelial Cell Biochemical Production

Qiu

Tarbell²

2000

J Vasc Res

162

154

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The wall shear stress (WSS) of flowing blood and the circumferential strain (CS) driven by the pressure pulse interact to impose a dynamic force pattern on endothelial cells (ECs) which can be characterized by the temporal phase angle between WSS and CS, a quantity which varies significantly throughout the circulation. To study the interaction of WSS and CS on endothelial production of vasodilators (prostacyclin and nitric oxide) and a vasoconstrictor (endothelin-1), bovine aortic ECs were cultured on the inner surface of compliant tubes and subjected to various flow conditions: steady shear (10 dyn/cm²), oscillatory shear (10 ± 10 dyn/cm², rigid tube), and oscillatory shear (10 ± 10 dyn/cm²) with CS (8%) either in or out of phase with shear. The 4-hour production rates of vasoactive agents show that steady shear stimulates the highest production of vasodilators whereas oscillatory shear stimulates the highest vasoconstrictor production. The addition of CS in concert with oscillatory shear enhances the production of vasodilators and inhibits the production of vasoconstrictors, and this effect is modulated by the phase angle between WSS and CS. These data suggest that the interactions of WSS and CS are important in vascular regulation and remodeling.

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“…3 Thus, the behavior of vascular cells such as ECs and SMCs cultured on stretchable substrates which were periodically stretched and relaxed is of interest and was analyzed by various investigators. 23,25,33,36,38,42,43,52,53 These studies have shown that vascular cells tend to align perpendicular to the direction of strain independently of their animal or tissue origin. This suggests that, irrespective of cellular species and tissue and irrespective of the usage of primary cells or non-vascular cell lines, mechanical stressinduced cellular alignment is a common behavior of adhesive cells in vitro, which may operate to induce cellular orientation in tissues in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Featured Article: Temporal responses of human endothelial and smooth muscle cells exposed to uniaxial cyclic tensile strain

Greiner

Biela

Chen

et al. 2015

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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The physiology of vascular cells depends on stimulating mechanical forces caused by pulsatile flow. Thus, mechano-transduction processes and responses of primary human endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) have been studied to reveal cell-type specific differences which may contribute to vascular tissue integrity. Here, we investigate the dynamic reorientation response of ECs and SMCs cultured on elastic membranes over a range of stretch frequencies from 0.01 to 1 Hz. ECs and SMCs show different cell shape adaptation responses (reorientation) dependent on the frequency. ECs reveal a specific threshold frequency (0.01 Hz) below which no responses is detectable while the threshold frequency for SMCs could not be determined and is speculated to be above 1 Hz. Interestingly, the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesions system, as well as changes in the focal adhesion area, can be observed for both cell types and is dependent on the frequency. RhoA and Rac1 activities are increased for ECs but not for SMCs upon application of a uniaxial cyclic tensile strain. Analysis of membrane protrusions revealed that the spatial protrusion activity of ECs and SMCs is independent of the application of a uniaxial cyclic tensile strain of 1 Hz while the total number of protrusions is increased for ECs only. Our study indicates differences in the reorientation response and the reaction times of the two cell types in dependence of the stretching frequency, with matching data for actin cytoskeleton, focal adhesion realignment, RhoA/Rac1 activities, and membrane protrusion activity. These are promising results which may allow cell-type specific activation of vascular cells by frequency-selective mechanical stretching. This specific activation of different vascular cell types might be helpful in improving strategies in regenerative medicine.

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A device for subjecting vascular endothelial cells to both fluid shear stress and circumferential cyclic stretch

Cited by 98 publications

References 9 publications

Modelling evolution and the evolving mechanical environment of saccular cerebral aneurysms

Modelling evolution and the evolving mechanical environment of saccular cerebral aneurysms

Interaction between Wall Shear Stress and Circumferential Strain Affects Endothelial Cell Biochemical Production

Featured Article: Temporal responses of human endothelial and smooth muscle cells exposed to uniaxial cyclic tensile strain

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