A Deviation-Time-Space-Thermal (DTS-T) Method for Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS)-Based Earthquake Anomaly Recognition: Criterions and Quantify Indices

Abstract

Abstract:The particular process of LCA (Lithosphere-Coversphere-Atmosphere) coupling referring to local tectonic structures and coversphere conditions is very important for understanding seismic anomaly from GEOSS (Global Earth Observation System of Systems). The LCA coupling based multiple-parameters analysis should be the foundation for earthquake prewarning. Three improved criterions: deviation notable enough, time quasi-synchronism, and space geo-adjacency, plus their quantify indices are defined for earthquake anomaly recognition, and applied to thermal parameters as a DTS-T (Deviation-Time-Space-Thermal) method. A normalized reliability index is preliminarily defined considering three quantify indices for deviation-time-space criterions. As an example, the DTS-T method is applied to the Ms 7.1 Yushu earthquake of 14 April 2010 in China. Furthermore, combining with the previous analysis of six recent significant earthquakes in the world, the statistical results regarding effective parameters, the occurrence of anomaly before the main shocks and a reliability index for each earthquake are introduced. It shows that the DTS-T method is reasonable and can be applied for routine monitoring and prewarning in the tectonic seismicity region. OPEN ACCESSRemote Sens. 2013, 5 5144

Geosphere coupling and hydrothermal anomalies before the 2009 <i>M</i><sub>w</sub> 6.3 L'Aquila earthquake in Italy

“…In particular, several thermal parameters, including thermal infrared radiation (TIR) (Tronin et al, 2002;Saraf and Choudhury, 2004), surface temperature (Qin et al, 2012a), surface latent heat flux (Dey and Singh, 2003;Qin et al, 2012bQin et al, , 2014a, and outgoing longwave radiation (Ouzounov et al, 2007;Jing et al, 2012), have been proven to be related to tectonic seismic activities. With the development of Earth observation technologies and anomaly recognition methods (e.g., Wu et al, 2012;Qin et al, 2013), non-thermal anomalous variations in geochemical and electromagnetic signals from different spheres of the planet Earth may indicate complex geosphere coupling effects during the slow preparation phase of earthquakes. During the past decades, several mechanisms or hypotheses for interpreting thermal anomalies have been proposed; examples include the positive hole (P-hole) effect (Freund, 2011), transient electric field (Liperovsky et al, 2008a), frictional heat of faults (Geng et al, 1998;Wu et al, 2006), and the greenhouse effect caused by Earth degassing (Tronin et al, 2002).…”

Time Series Analysis of Land Surface Temperatures in 20 Earthquake Cases Worldwide

“…All events of Mw > 5.5 that happen more than 24 h after another event are seen, in this definition, as separate. Preand post-seismic periods of equal duration (two months) are defined for comparability and based on literature on the appearance of earthquake-related anomalies (e.g., [48][49][50]). In periods later and earlier than these, earthquake related anomalies should be unlikely.…”

Possible thermal brightness temperature anomalies associated with the Lushan (China) M S7.0 earthquake on 20 April 2013

“…Anomalous changes of other thermal parameters including outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR) and surface latent heat flux (SLHF) are also discovered (Dey and Singh 2003;Ouzounov et al 2007;Qin et al 2011). Recently, in order to improve the reliability of the reported earthquake thermal precursors, deviation-time-space (DTS) criterions for multiple thermal parameters analysis are proposed (Wu et al 2012;Qin et al 2013).…”