A Developmental Pathways Model of Dissociation

Linde-Krieger, Linnea B.; Yates, Tuppett M.; Carlson, Elizabeth A.

doi:10.4324/9781003057314-13

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“… Şar and Türk-Kurtça (2021) also reported that harsh parental criticism and overprotection/overinterference may foster dissociation mediated by vulnerable narcissism. Moreover, Linde-Krieger et al (2022) found that intrusive and autonomy-impairing child nurturing behaviors predict high levels of dissociation at age of 5 years. Thus, the parenting styles described by people with dissociative disorders appear to be consistent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Association between negatively perceived parenting attitudes and dissociation: a cross-sectional study on the general population in Japan

Wang,

Kuroki

2023

Front. Psychol.

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ObjectivesMany studies have reported that early traumatic experiences, mainly abuse, are associated with forming dangerous attachments and a contributing factor to dissociation. On the other hand, other studies have investigated the association of non-abusive nurturing and attachment styles with dissociation. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency of dissociative experiences in the general Japanese population and investigate the effects of “overprotection” and “lack of care” as nurturing styles and “abandonment anxiety” and “avoidance of intimacy” as attachment styles on dissociation.MethodsA total of 1,042 residents aged 18 to 69 years were administered with the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), the Japanese version of the WHO-5 Well-Being Index (WHO-5-J), the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), and the Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory-the-generalized-other-version (ECR-GO). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses on the effects of “overprotection” and “care” as nurturing attitudes “abandonment anxiety” and “avoidance of intimacy” as attachment styles on dissociation (DES-NDI and DES-T) were conducted.ResultsBased on the findings of this study, “care” and “overprotection” as nurturing attitudes were shown to be a contributing factor to dissociation (DES-NDI and DES-T). “Avoidance of intimacy” as an attachment style was shown to contribute to pathological dissociation. On the other hand, the influence of attachment style on the relationship between nurturing style and dissociation was not determined.DiscussionThis study provided essential data on the distribution of dissociative experiences in the general Japanese population. It was indicated that nurturing style, particularly overprotection, may be linked to nonfunctional stress coping and interpersonal anxiety and could be a contributing factor to mental disorders, including dissociation. Furthermore, considering that the effect of nurturing styles on dissociation does not vary with attachment styles, the effect of nurturing styles on dissociation may be more profound.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Association between negatively perceived parenting attitudes and dissociation: a cross-sectional study on the general population in Japan

Wang,

Kuroki

2023

Front. Psychol.

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“…The child's mind at birth is naturally fractionated before developing the capacity to process and integrate different and complex experiences in a sufficiently cohesive experience of self, also thanks to the organizing effect of stable, sensitive, and responsive attachment relationships [21,57]. Indeed, some degree of experiential fractionation is quite natural and expected in very early childhood [77,97] and adult life [45]. An insensitive, unresponsive, absent, or actively abusing caregiver, in addition to activating the disintegrative processes described above, hampers the organization process of different mental representations and self-states normally promoted by the interpersonal cognitive and affective coordination with the infant.…”

Section: The Role Of Attachment Trauma In Determining Dissociationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An insensitive, unresponsive, absent, or actively abusing caregiver, in addition to activating the disintegrative processes described above, hampers the organization process of different mental representations and self-states normally promoted by the interpersonal cognitive and affective coordination with the infant. This failure is widely considered to also foster pathological oversegregation and compartmentalization of self-states because, in AT, these are usually very contradictory [21,27,45,57,60,97]. Indeed, AT exposes the child to extremely contradictory self-other experiences, which makes integration more difficult by fostering the pathological segregation of their implicit representations and memories and, in severe cases, preventing the unity of the personality [10,45,64].…”

Section: The Role Of Attachment Trauma In Determining Dissociationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other hypotheses about the nature of dissociation being understood as an over-segregation agree that it may be driven by the need to exclude inconsistent memories to protect a coherent self-identity [19,60,97,99]. Some scholars have argued that defensive segregation of traumatic attachment memories occurs to protect the proper functioning of parental care and the successful integration of relational experiences that, otherwise, would be too conflicting [60].…”

Section: The Defensive Nature Of Dissociation and The Relationship Be...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Are Traumatic Disintegration, Detachment, and Dissociation Separate Pathogenic Processes Related to Attachment Trauma? A Working Hypothesis for Clinicians and Researchers

Farina,

Imperatori

2023

Psychopathology

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Background: Despite its high prevalence in all psychiatric disorders and its widely demonstrated clinical relevance as a marker of both clinical severity and poorer treatment response, a scientifically validated definition of dissociation remains controversial, and the understanding of its pathogenesis is still somewhat lacking. Furthermore, although most clinicians commonly refer to dissociation as a single unitary concept, the empirical evidence strongly supports the paucity of a one-dimensional approach to dissociation. Summary: Resonating with the clinical and neuroscientific data on this topic, this article aimed to provide a working hypothesis, suggesting that the wide variety of psychopathological phenomena that are currently improperly lumped into the category of dissociation are in fact produced by at least three different pathogenic processes involved in developmental trauma, namely, traumatic disintegration, detachment responses, and dissociation. Key Messages: This hypothesis should, therefore, be considered a starting point for a better understanding of the complex manifestations and processes that currently overly, attributed to dissociation per se.

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A Developmental Pathways Model of Dissociation

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Association between negatively perceived parenting attitudes and dissociation: a cross-sectional study on the general population in Japan

Association between negatively perceived parenting attitudes and dissociation: a cross-sectional study on the general population in Japan

Are Traumatic Disintegration, Detachment, and Dissociation Separate Pathogenic Processes Related to Attachment Trauma? A Working Hypothesis for Clinicians and Researchers

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