A detector system for searching lost γ-ray source

A feasibility study of gamma ray source finder development for multiple sources scenario based on a Monte Carlo simulation

“…As far as we know based on the available reported researches, the current designed systems cannot find multiple orphan gamma-ray sources (even two gamma-ray sources) [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] . It is worth mentioning that a Pb-collimator is implemented in some of the current designed systems, which able to find multiple orphan gamma-rays, but www.nature.com/scientificreports/ when the gamma-ray orphan sources are placed in a significant height out of view of collimator, for example 1.0 m or 2.0 m above the collimator, the system cannot find the orphan gamma.…”

“…Developing an instrument to exert precise, fast, and user-friendly method to find multiple orphan gamma-ray sources can help to overcome the mentioned consequences and risks. Until now, several methods and instruments in order to find orphan gamma-ray sources have been proposed and designed [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] . Some of these designed systems are based on a gamma-ray detector (usually a scintillation detector) and a collimator (high-Z material, e.g., tungsten (W), lead (Pb), and so on) 9,11,13 .…”

“…In addition to these, such designed system can only locate one orphan γ -ray source at a time. There are other different designs for gamma finders, which usually based on two, three or more scintillation detectors, which equipped with special and unique methods and until now, they have reached their highest level of development approximately [5][6][7][8]10,12,14,15 . Since gamma-ray scintillation detectors are so common, and most of them are affordable, the employed gamma-ray detector is mostly a scintillation detector such as NaI(Tl), CsI(Tl), BGO, LaBr 3 (Ce) and so on.…”

“…But still, the proposed methods cannot find multiple orphan gamma-ray sources in 3D and each of them has its own restrictions. Conventional proposed methods in instruments are mostly based on total recorded gamma-ray counts [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] . Therefore, they cannot be able to deploy in the multiple orphan gamma-ray sources scenario.…”

State-of-the-Art Mobile Radiation Detection Systems for Different Scenarios

“…Khan et al [ 144 ] developed a detection system based on the dose rates of three GM detectors for robot coupling to be applied in radiological or nuclear emergency scenarios (even in high radiation fields), such as the search of a lost gamma source, radioactive contamination, and leakages.…”