A detection-theoretic framework for modeling informational masking

Lutfi, Robert A.; Chang, An-Chieh; Stamas, Jacob; Gilbertson, Lynn

doi:10.1121/1.4734575

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The approach represents an application of a larger theoretical framework recently developed to deal with vagaries of the terms "uncertainty" and "similarity" as they have been used in the literature (Lutfi et al, 2012). Before proceeding, it will be helpful to consider how the hypothesis manages predictions for two very different masking scenarios.…”

Section: Uncertainty Similarity and Information Divergencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These factors involve quite different manipulations of signals and are believed to entail fundamentally different processes resulting in IM. Here, however, evidence is presented that these factors affect IM through their mutual influence on a single factor-the information divergence of target and masker given by Simpson-Fitter's d a [Lutfi et al (2012). J. Acoust.…”

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confidence: 91%

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The information-divergence hypothesis of informational masking

Lutfi

Gilbertson

Heo

et al. 2013

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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In recent years there has been growing interest in masking that cannot be attributed to interactions in the cochlea-so--called informational masking (IM). Similarity in the acoustic properties of target and masker and uncertainty regarding the masker are the two major factors identified with IM. These factors involve quite different manipulations of signals and are believed to entail fundamentally different processes resulting in IM. Here, however, evidence is presented that these factors affect IM through their mutual influence on a single factor-the information divergence of target and masker given by Simpson-Fitter's da [Lutfi et al. (2012). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 132, EL109-113]. Four experiments are described involving multitone pattern discrimination, multi-talker word recognition, sound-source identification, and sound localization. In each case standard manipulations of masker uncertainty and target-masker similarity (including the covariation of target-masker frequencies) are found to have the same effect on performance provided they produce the same change in da. The function relating d(') performance to da, moreover, appears to be linear with constant slope across listeners. The overriding dependence of IM on da is taken to reflect a general principle of perception that exploits differences in the statistical structure of signals to separate figure from ground.

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Section: Uncertainty Similarity and Information Divergencementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 91%

The information-divergence hypothesis of informational masking

Lutfi

Gilbertson

Heo

et al. 2013

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…() and of other studies of IM (e.g. Watson, ; Lutfi et al ., ; Oberfeld & Stahn, ), we predict an elevation for the sound level increment threshold of the targets in the 1‐stream condition that is characterized by a high amount of target‐masker similarity and thus provides for a high amount of similarity‐based IM. In contrast, we predict a release from IM, and thus lower sound level increment thresholds in the 2‐stream condition that is characterized by a low amount of target‐masker similarity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…We used a signal‐detection‐theoretical analysis following the approach by Lutfi et al . (). Behavioural discrimination thresholds in humans and gerbils were defined by a sensitivity d ’ of 1.0.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release from informational masking by auditory stream segregation: perception and its neural correlate

Dolležal

Tolnai

Beutelmann

et al. 2018

Eur J of Neuroscience

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In the analysis of acoustic scenes, we easily miss sounds or are insensitive to sound features that are salient if presented in isolation. This insensitivity that is not due to interference in the inner ear is termed informational masking (IM). So far, the cellular mechanisms underlying IM remained elusive. Here, we apply a sequential IM paradigm to humans and gerbils using a sound level increment detection task determining the sensitivity to target tones in a background of standard (same frequency) and distracting tones (varying in level and frequency). The amount of IM that was indicated by the level increment thresholds depended on the frequency separation between the distracting and the standard and target tones. In humans and gerbils, we observed similar perceptual thresholds. A release from IM of more than 20 dB was observed in both species if the distracting tones were well segregated in frequency from the other tones. Neuronal rate responses elicited by similar sequences in gerbil inferior colliculus and auditory cortex were recorded. At both levels of the auditory pathway, the neuronal thresholds obtained with a signal-detection-theoretic approach deducing the sensitivity from the analysis of the neurons' receiver operating characteristics matched the psychophysical thresholds revealing that IM already emerges at midbrain level. By applying objective response measures in physiology and psychophysics, we demonstrated that the population of neurons has a sufficient sensitivity for explaining the perceptual level increment thresholds indicating IM. There was a good correspondence between the neuronal and perceptual release from IM being related to auditory stream segregation.

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confidence: 97%

Spatial uncertainty and proximity effects in informational masking identically related to the Simpson-Fitter metric of target-masker separation

Stamas¹,

Heo²,

Chang³

et al. 2013

Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics

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Further evidence is provided suggesting a primary dependence of informational masking (IM) on the stochastic separation of target and masker given by Simpson-Fitter's da [Lutfi et al. (2012). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 132, . The stimuli were brief bursts of Gaussian noise or words played in sequence as masker-target-masker triads. The apparent position of bursts (words) from left to right was varied independently and at random on each presentation using KEMAR HTRFs. In the 2IFC procedure the listener's task was to choose the target positioned further to the right. Spatial uncertainty of the masker was increased by increasing the position variance of the masker. Spatial proximity of target to masker was increased by decreasing the position mean-difference between target and masker. Performance in both cases was well described by a single linear function relating d' to da; intercepts differed across listeners, but slopes were similar. Comparable results presented at this meeting for the effects of spectral uncertainty and similarity of target and masker suggest that the statistical properties of signals may be a more significant determinant of IM than their specific acoustic properties.Published by the Acoustical Society of America through the American Institute of Physics Stamas et al.

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A detection-theoretic framework for modeling informational masking

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

The information-divergence hypothesis of informational masking

The information-divergence hypothesis of informational masking

Release from informational masking by auditory stream segregation: perception and its neural correlate

Spatial uncertainty and proximity effects in informational masking identically related to the Simpson-Fitter metric of target-masker separation

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