A Detailed Morphologic and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of the Craniocervical Junction in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Chu, Winnie C.W.; Man, Gene Chi‐Wai; Lam, Wynnie W M; Yeung, Benson H. Y.; Chau, Wai‐Wang; Ng, Benjamin; Lam, Tai Pong; Lee, Kwong-man; Cheng, Jack C. Y.

doi:10.1097/brs.0b013e318074d539

Cited by 40 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(28 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Most interesting, a correlative relationship was also found between the tonsillar level and abnormal FA values in AIS. Our proposed explanation for the above changes was that there was an anatomic compression of the relatively low-set cerebellar tonsil 9 onto the craniocervical junction. This subclinical type of cord compression might affect the neural pathway above and below the maximal area of compression (ie, the lower part of the brain stem [the medulla oblongata] and the upper cervical cord region).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Previous studies have reported changes in central nervous system structures in patients with AIS based on advanced medical imaging modalities. [4][5][6] Furthermore in a number of MR imaging studies, the observable changes in morphologic shape and position of the cord, 7 mismatch in lengthening between the cord and vertebral column, 8 and increased incidence of low-lying cerebellar tonsils 9 have led to the postulation of the presence of subclinical tethering of the spinal cord in AIS. 10 The proposed disturbed spinal cord function in AIS was further supported by the clinical observation of abnormal somatosensory function, which has been widely reported in this group.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Variation in Anisotropy and Diffusivity along the Medulla Oblongata and the Whole Spinal Cord in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Pilot Study Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Kong

Shi

Hui

et al. 2014

American Journal of Neuroradiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Disturbed somatosensory evoked potentials have been demonstrated in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (but this functional delay was found to originate above the C5-6 level, while the lower cord level was unaffected). Together with MR imaging observation of tonsillar ectopia and a relatively tethered cord, we hypothesized that there is disturbed mean diffusivity integrity along the spinal cord. In this study, advanced DTI was used to evaluate whether there was underlying decreased WM integrity within the brain stem and spinal cord in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and any relationship to cerebellar tonsillar ectopia. Clinical impact on balance testing was also correlated.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in Anisotropy and Diffusivity along the Medulla Oblongata and the Whole Spinal Cord in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Pilot Study Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Kong

Shi

Hui

et al. 2014

American Journal of Neuroradiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent studies with MRI in idiopathic scoliosis supports this [16]. Neurosurgical articles on traction problems of the cord as in myelomeningocele do not refer to this intrinsic shortening depicted by Roth, but mainly on external tethering [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

The Development of TLI (Thoracolumbar Lordotic Intervention) as an Effective Bracing Concept for the Postural Spinal Problems - A Review

Erve¹

2015

J Spine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Gaps in knowledge in biomechanics on how the human spine develops itself to the adult posture still exist. It is clear that the huge increase in spinal problems do lack a sound etiologic base, on which effective preventive, conservative and surgical measurements should be based. An innovative technique to correct scoliosis and kyphosis in a non-surgical way is found in the TLI (thoracolumbar lordotic intervention) brace that is based on reversing of the external etiologic factors.

show abstract

“…Chu [4][5][6] reported that the cross-sectional shape of the cord in AIS was not due to compression from the wall of the spinal canal by observation that the cross-sectional shape of the cord in severe AIS was fairly symmetrical using the MetaMorph Imaging System. Because compression force from one side should result in asymmetrical shape of the cord.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncoupled neuro-osseous growth in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis? A preliminary study of 90 adolescents with whole-spine three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous literatures revealed abnormal crosssectional morphology of spinal cord in AIS, suggesting the presence of disproportional growth between the neural and skeletal system. No accurate measurement of whole spine by MRI multiplanar reconstruction and their correlation with Cobb angle were studied. In this study, MRI three-dimensional reconstruction of the whole spine was performed in 90 adolescents (49 AIS with thoracic/thoracolumbar curve, and 41 age-matched healthy controls). Measurements of the ratio of anteroposterior (AP) and transverse (TS) diameter of the cord, the concave and convex lateral cord space (LCS) were obtained at the apical level in AIS patients. Cerebellar tonsillar level related to the basion-opsithion line, location of conus medullaris, cord length, vertebral column length, cord/vertebral column length ratio were obtained. All of the same parameters were also measured in healthy controls at matched vertebral levels and their correlations with Cobb angle were made. We notice that AP, TS, AP/TS and LCS ratio were increased in AIS subjects with low-lying position of cerebellar tonsillar level and elevating position of conus medullary when compared with healthy controls (P \ 0.01). AP, AP/TS and LCS ratio were correlated significantly with Cobb angle (P \ 0.05). Cord length and vertebral column length were not significantly different between AIS and control group. However, cord/vertebral column length ratio was significantly smaller in AIS group (P \ 0.01). Cord length, vertebral column length and cord/vertebral column length ratio were not related with age or Cobb angle (P [ 0.05). These data suggest the presence of uncoupled neuro-osseous growth along the longitudinal axis of spinal cord with associated morphologic changes of cross-sectional configuration and relative position of the cord. Some changes are significantly relevant with Cobb angle, which may indicate pathogenesis of AIS.

show abstract

A Detailed Morphologic and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of the Craniocervical Junction in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis

Abstract: Peak CSF velocities through foramen magnum were not significantly different in AIS subjects despite the presence of low-lying cerebellar tonsils. This might be explained by the compensatory effect of larger foramen magnum in AIS subjects.

Cited by 40 publications

References 20 publications

Variation in Anisotropy and Diffusivity along the Medulla Oblongata and the Whole Spinal Cord in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Pilot Study Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Variation in Anisotropy and Diffusivity along the Medulla Oblongata and the Whole Spinal Cord in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Pilot Study Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging

The Development of TLI (Thoracolumbar Lordotic Intervention) as an Effective Bracing Concept for the Postural Spinal Problems - A Review

Uncoupled neuro-osseous growth in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis? A preliminary study of 90 adolescents with whole-spine three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About