A Design of Compact Wideband Antenna Based on Hybridization of Minkowski Fractal Curves on Hexagonal Patch and Partial Ground Plane with Truncated Corners

Abstract

In this manuscript, a compact wideband antenna using a partial ground plane has been designed by the hybridization of Minkowski fractal curves on the hexagonal radiating patch.Further, the corners of this partial ground plane have been truncated and the Minkowski curves superimposed on each truncated corner and finally, the Lshaped stub has been employed to enhance the performance parameters of the antenna in terms of the number of frequency bands and impedance bandwidth. Different prototypes of an antenna have been compared and found that prototype with Lshaped stub and ground plane with truncated corners using Minkowski curve (proposed prototype) exhibits better antenna performance parameters. The proposed prototype of the antenna reveals the maximum bandwidth of 10.86GHz (140.10%) with four distinct frequency bands 4. 4, 7.1, 10.8, 16.3GHz. Designed antenna has also been fabricated and tested for authentication of simulated results with measured results and found in reasonable agreement with each other. The proposed antenna uses a low-cost FR4 substrate with a compact overall size of 24×30×1.6mm3. Due to the wider bandwidth, stable radiation pattern, and gain at the desired frequency points, the proposed antenna can be used for different wireless applications.

PSOGSA for the Design of Hybrid Fractal Curve Based MIMO Antenna for 5G Applications

“…Where, i and j indicates elements of antenna 1 and 2, separately. MEG of MIMO has been premeditated using equations (19) to (20) and obtained result has illustrated in Fig. 17.…”

“…Also, the different types of fractal structures are being used to design the patch of this antenna has been studied thoroughly along with the hybrid fractal geometries to design the novel shape of antenna for this article. Numerous fractal and amalgam fractal antenna are premeditated by various researchers like: Bharti et al [20] have designed the compacted wideband HFA constructed with fractal Minkowski curves on hexangular shaped patch using fractional ground structure with curtailed bends for wireless applications. This antenna resonates at quad frequency bands such as 4.4, 7.1, 10.8 and 16.3GHz by a maximum 10.86GHz impedance bandwidth.…”