A desiccant-enhanced evaporative air conditioner: Numerical model and experiments

Woods, Jason; Kozubal, Eric

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2012.08.007

Cited by 170 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The DEVAP AC numerical model comprises three smaller, integrated numerical models: the first-and second-stage HMXs, and a desiccant regenerator. Our focus was to validate the firstand second-stage HMX numerical models, based onWoods and Kozubal (2012a), with the experimental prototypes. The single-and two-stage regenerators have been under development through separate project funding.…”

Section: Laboratory Testing and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 44 42 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 Figure 3-6 shows the measured performance versus the modeled prediction for 10 tests. The test points are described in Woods and Kozubal (2012a). This HMX achieved on average 99.7% of sensible capacity compared to the modeled prediction.…”

Section: +10%mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The full dataset can be found in Appendix B, which shows both measured and modeled data used to create the figures in this section. Details of the numerical model can be found in Woods and Kozubal (2012a), which also shows test data from the Synapse first-stage and the AIL Research second-stage HMXs. Appendix C shows similar information for the AIL Research first-stage HMX.…”

Section: Test Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to slight differences in the dimensions between the AIL Research first-stage HMX and the Synapse first-stage HMX, five other differences relate to the stack structure, the LD distribution method, the water distribution method, the membrane, and the spacer. Woods and Kozubal (2012a) for Synapse HMX, except membrane here is unbacked c Calculated as in Woods and Kozubal (2012a) for Synapse HMX Instead of laminated sheets that were bonded together to make up a channel pair in the Synapse HMX, the AIL Research HMX uses PP extrusions (inexpensive Coroplast sheets).…”

Section: C1 Experimentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and Analysis of Desiccant Enhanced Evaporative Air Conditioner Prototype

Kozubal¹,

Woods²,

Judkoff³

2012

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NOTICEThis report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or any agency thereof. AcknowledgmentsWe wish to acknowledge the efforts of many industry experts who provided valuable knowledge and support in developing the prototype desiccant enhanced evaporative air conditioner (DEVAP AC):We would like to acknowledge Andrew Lowenstein from AIL Research for participating in project planning, design, and prototype development. Throughout the project, Andrew provided invaluable guidance and supporting analysis. His expertise was instrumental in the success of this project.We would like to acknowledge Dylan Garrett, Ian Graves, and Redwood Stephens from Synapse Product Development for participating in a design and prototype development. Throughout the project, the Synapse team provided excellent guidance in manufacturing design. Their design team was instrumental to the success of this project.We would like to acknowledge John Pellegrino from the University of Colorado at Boulder for his extensive knowledge of design and testing of membrane systems, Dave Paulson from Water Think Tank for his insight into the membrane component manufacturing industry and selection of industry vendors, and Michael Brandemuehl from the University of Colorado at Boulder for his experience with heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning systems and desiccants.We would like to acknowledge Jay Burch for his guidance in planning and executing this project.We would like to acknowledge Aaron Boranian for his assistance in analysis of the two-stage regenerator.We would like to acknowledge Jordan Clark from the University of Texas for his analysis of air flow through the second-stage heat and mass exchanger using computational fluid dynamics.We would like to thank the NREL peer review team: Bill Livingood, Michael Deru, Paul Torcellini, Dane Christiansen, and Ren Anderson.We would like to thank Stephanie Woodward for her editorial review.We would like to thank Alexis Abramson, Colin McCormick, and Tony Bouza from the U.S. Department of Energy for their support of the DEVAP prototype project.ii Executive SummaryIn FY 2010, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) used numerical models and building energy simulations to analyze the performance of a DEVAP AC ...

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Section: Laboratory Testing and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: +10%mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Test Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: C1 Experimentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and Analysis of Desiccant Enhanced Evaporative Air Conditioner Prototype

Kozubal¹,

Woods²,

Judkoff³

2012

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“…In response to the climate condition and air conditioning requirement in Hong Kong, a hybrid liquid desiccant air conditioning system is developed by integrating both direct and indirect evaporative cooling means [26], whose performance is investigated by theoretical modelling. The LDDC system with an evaporative cooling unit is proved with remarkable energy and cost saving potentials [27]. By installing an evaporative-cooling assisted LDDC…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance assessment of a membrane liquid desiccant dehumidification cooling system based on experimental investigations

Chen

Zhu

Bai

2017

Energy and Buildings

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A membrane-based liquid desiccant dehumidification cooling system is studied in this paper for energy efficient air conditioning with independent temperature and humidity controls. The system mainly consists of a dehumidifier, a regenerator, an evaporative cooler and an air-to-air heat exchanger. Its feasibility in the hot and humid region is assessed with calcium chloride solution, and the influences of operating variables on the dehumidifier, regenerator, evaporative cooler and overall system performances are investigated through experimental work. The experimental results indicate that the inlet air condition greatly affects the dehumidification and regeneration performances. The system regeneration temperature should be controlled appropriately for a high energy efficiency based on the operative solution concentration ratio. It is worth noting that the solution concentration ratio plays a considerable role in the system performance. The higher the solution concentration ratio, the better the dehumidification performance. However simultaneously more thermal input power is required for the solution regeneration, and a crystallization risk in the normal operating temperature range should be noted as well. The system mass balance between the dehumidifier and regenerator is crucial for the system steady operation. Under the investigated steady operating condition, the supply air temperature of 20.4°C and system COP of 0.70 are achieved at a solution concentration ratio of 36%.

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Engineered Polymer Architectures for Thermo‐Responsive Desiccants in Dehumidification Applications

Meyer

Cui

Zeng

et al. 2023

Advanced Energy Materials

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Humidity control is relevant to many processes in buildings and manufacturing and is responsible for over 600 million tons of CO2 annually. As such, desiccants that can efficiently remove moisture from air can greatly reduce emissions. A new class of desiccant materials, thermo‐responsive desiccants, has been of increased interest in the literature. These materials are generally based on thermo‐responsive polymers and exhibit a temperature‐dependent isotherm, an attribute that is small in traditional desiccants. In this work, seven key parameters needed to create an effective thermo‐responsive polymer desiccant are identified using a combination of modeling and experimental data. It is found that more thermo‐responsiveness is not necessarily better for energy efficiency, and that an optimal, “medium” value is desired. Additionally, polymer composition and architecture play key roles in adjusting the seven key parameters. Finally, based on findings from both modeling and experimental work, guidelines on synthesizing future thermo‐responsive polymer desiccants are presented.

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A desiccant-enhanced evaporative air conditioner: Numerical model and experiments

Cited by 170 publications

References 25 publications

Development and Analysis of Desiccant Enhanced Evaporative Air Conditioner Prototype

Development and Analysis of Desiccant Enhanced Evaporative Air Conditioner Prototype

Performance assessment of a membrane liquid desiccant dehumidification cooling system based on experimental investigations

Engineered Polymer Architectures for Thermo‐Responsive Desiccants in Dehumidification Applications

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