A Descriptive Systematic Study of the Otoliths of the Neopterygean Marine Fishes of South Africa Part Iv Siluriformes and Myctophiformes

Hecht, T.; Hecht, Anne

doi:10.1080/00359198109520586

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…A description of the morphological structure of G. nicholsi otoliths (sagittae) is given by Hecht & Hecht (1981). The possibility of successfully ageing representatives of the family Myctophidae by means of otoliths has been well documentated (Odate, 1966;Halliday, 1970;Smoker & Pearcy, 1970;Gjssaeter, 1973Gjssaeter, , 1981a.…”

Section: L2'6705 (R=0-87) Otolith Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An investigation of length-weight relationship for the material from the .western South Atlantic collected off Argentina was not attempted because of the potential shrinkage resulting from transferring the samples to 70% alcohol. L2'6705, (r=0-87) OTOLITH ANALYSIS A description of the morphological structure of G. nicholsi otoliths (sagittae) is given by Hecht & Hecht (1981). The possibility of successfully ageing representatives of the family Myctophidae by means of otoliths has been well documentated (Odate, 1966;Halliday, 1970;Smoker & Pearcy, 1970;Gjssaeter, 1973Gjssaeter, , 1981a.…”

Section: Length-weight Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population biology of the myctophid fish Gymnoscopelus nicholsi (Gillbert, 1911) from the western South Atlantic

Linkowski

1985

Journal of Fish Biology

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Thirty-three collections of Gymnoscopelus nicholsi were made between 1976 and 1981 in the South Atlantic using both krill and bottom trawls. In the Antarctic waters the main part of the stock consisted of adult fish 3-7 years old, characterized by a benthopelagic mode of life. Fish of year-class I were observed only in the vicinity of South Georgia, South Sandwich Islands and the Scotia Sea; year-class I1 individuals were absent from Antarctic samples. In the notal zone of the western South Atlantic, fish aged 1-5 years were found. The existence of only one population in the region is a possible explanation of these findings: this population is divided into a pelagic stock ofjuveniles and sub-adults which occur in the offshore waters of the western South Atlantic and benthopelagic stocks of adults distributed over the slope regions off Argentina, South Georgia and Antarctic archipelagos.The computed values of K (von Bertalanffy growth) were 0.48, 0.41 and estimated total annual instantaneous mortality rates (Z) were 0.45, 0.67, and 0.70 for South Georgia, South Shetlands and notal zone of western South Atlantic stocks, respectively.

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Section: L2'6705 (R=0-87) Otolith Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Length-weight Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population biology of the myctophid fish Gymnoscopelus nicholsi (Gillbert, 1911) from the western South Atlantic

Linkowski

1985

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…Relatively intact fish, when present, were stored in alcohol. Fish and otoliths were later identified either by direct comparison with material held in the reference collection of the Port Elizabeth Museum or from the literature (Schwarzhans, 1978;Hecht & Hecht, 1981;North, Burchett, Gilbert & White, 1984). Uncorroded otoliths were measured using an ocular micrometer under a binocular microscope, and paired by species and size in order to estimate the number of fish consumed.…”

Section: Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal and annual variation in diets of Macaroni (Eudyptes chrysolophus chrysolophus) and Southern rockhopper (E. chrysocome chrysocome) penguins at sub‐Antarctic Marion Island

Brown

Klages

1987

Journal of Zoology

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The diets of adult Macaroni penguins Eudyptes chrysolophus chrysolophus and Southern rockhopper penguins E. chrysocome chrysocome were analysed quantitatively at Marion Island, southern Indian Ocean, throughout two successive chick‐rearing seasons. The diets were broadly similar. Crustaceans were the predominant prey type comprising, overall, 90% by mass and 98% by numbers in Macaroni penguins and 96% by mass and 99% by numbers in rockhopper penguins. Nauticaris marionis was the predominant crustacean eaten by both penguin species in 1983–84, but Euphausia vallentini and Thysanoessa vicina predominated in 1984–85. Themisto gaudichaudii was present in appreciable numbers only in Macaroni penguins. Fish was not found in measurable quantities in either species in 1983–84, but contributed 5% and 4% of the mass of the diet in Macaroni and rockhopper penguins, respectively, when calculated in terms of the original biomass of food ingested. In 1984–85, however, fish comprised 10% and 6% of observed mass and c. 25% and 14% of original biomass ingested in Macaroni and rockhopper penguins, respectively. Pelagic myctophids, predominantly Krefftichthys anderssoni, Protomyctophum tenisoni and P. normani between 0·01 and 8·3 g, were the most commonly identified fish prey, but Macaroni penguins took an appreciable number of Electrona carlsbergi in 1983–84. Cephalopods made up between 1 % and 3% of the diet by mass in both penguin species and between 5% and 13% of original biomass ingested. Predominant cephalopods eaten were Kondakovia longimana and an unidentified octopus species. The relative proportions of each prey type change throughout chick‐rearing, with pelagic fish and cephalopods comprising a larger proportion later in the season when the penguins were assumed to be foraging farther from their breeding sites. Dietary segregation of the two species appears to be related to the difference in the timing of the breeding season, which begins three to four weeks earlier in Macaroni penguins.

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“…Fish otoliths and cephalopod lower beaks were identified using available keys for fish (Schmidt, 1968;Hecht and Hecht, 1981;Nolf, 1985;Smale et al, 1995; Tuset et al, 2008) and for squid beaks (Clarke, 1986), and reference collections of otoliths at the University of the Azores and Malcolm Clarke's personal cephalopod beak collection. Minimum number of individual prey was estimated from remains, as total upper/lower cephalopod beaks and right/left fish otoliths.…”

Section: Prey Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet of mid-Atlantic Sowerby's beaked whales Mesoplondon bidens

Pereira

Neves

Prieto

et al. 2011

Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. a b s t r a c tThe first mid-Atlantic diet of Mesoplodon beaked whales is presented, from ten Sowerby's Mesoplodon bidens stranded in the Azores region between 2002 and 2009. This doubles the worldwide number of stomachs sampled, and reveals new feeding habits for this species. The mean number of prey items per stomach was 857 89 (range: 12-238), with fish accounting for 99.3% and cephalopods contributing less than 1% of total prey. Fish otoliths from 15 families and cephalopod lower mandibles from three families were identified, representing 22 taxa. The diet consisted mainly of small mid-water fish, the most numerous being Diaphus sp., Lampanyctus sp. and Melamphaidae species. Myctophids were present in all stranded individuals, followed by Diretmidae, Melamphaidae and Opisthoproctus soleatus, while the remaining fish species were scarce or single occurrences. Consistency of diet in four different years reveals a divergence from all previous records in continental areas, where mainly neritic and shelf-break benthopelagic fish species have been reported. Mid-Atlantic Sowerby's beaked whales' showed dietary plasticity, feeding on the most abundant mid-water groups occurring between 0 and750 m. Trophic level from prey numerical frequency was estimated at 4.4 70.46.

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A Descriptive Systematic Study of the Otoliths of the Neopterygean Marine Fishes of South Africa Part Iv Siluriformes and Myctophiformes

Cited by 8 publications

References 5 publications

Population biology of the myctophid fish Gymnoscopelus nicholsi (Gillbert, 1911) from the western South Atlantic

Population biology of the myctophid fish Gymnoscopelus nicholsi (Gillbert, 1911) from the western South Atlantic

Seasonal and annual variation in diets of Macaroni (Eudyptes chrysolophus chrysolophus) and Southern rockhopper (E. chrysocome chrysocome) penguins at sub‐Antarctic Marion Island

Diet of mid-Atlantic Sowerby's beaked whales Mesoplondon bidens

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