A Descriptive Study on Prevalence Pattern of Japanese Encephalitis in State of Manipur

Singh, Leimapokpam Shivadutta; Singh, Huidrom Lokhendro; Thokchom, Natasha; Singh, Ramit K

doi:10.4103/ijmm.ijmm_18_180

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…However, a shift in age distribution has also been observed in other areas in recent years. 12 We reported more AES and JE cases among children than in adults. Children are at higher risk while adults are likely to be immune.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

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Epidemiology of Japanese Encephalitis in Central India after Implementing Immunization

Tandale,

Khude,

Deshmukh

et al. 2024

J Pediatr Infect Dis

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Objective We report the epidemiology of Japanese encephalitis (JE) disease after the implementation of routine immunization in medium-endemic districts in the states of Maharashtra and Telangana in Central India. Methods We investigated acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) patients hospitalized from October 2018 to September 2020. Field visits were also made to the residences of 262 AES cases, including 54 JE cases. Results The overall case fatality ratio was 31%. Maharashtra state contributed 72% of JE and 67% of AES cases. The rural localities had a significantly higher number of JE cases than the urban areas. The occurrence of JE was reported year round, with most JE cases reported during the rainy season. Both AES and JE cases were reported mostly among children, with JE in 66% and non-JE AES in 70% of children. Conclusion The JE disease continues to affect the population after routine immunization. Surveillance, prevention, and control need to be enhanced to achieve accelerated control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…10 The risk factors like water bodies and paddy farming have a big role in JE in peripheral households. 12 Insect bites were reported in 20% of JE cases. Almost all JE and non-JE AES cases resided in JE endemic areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Japanese Encephalitis in Central India after Implementing Immunization

Tandale,

Khude,

Deshmukh

et al. 2024

J Pediatr Infect Dis

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“…Several reports indicated the expansion of the virus to the newer non-endemic areas, including the northern and northeastern parts of the Indian continent and cases have been reported that signify the virus's spread, including urban areas such as New Delhi, the capital of India. Other massive outbreaks that have been reported include the one in Malkangiri (2012) and another in Manipur (2016) [16].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Japanese Encephalitis Virus: An Emerging Threat in the Indo-Pacific Region

Jeswani¹,

Pal²,

Bohra³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is a disease caused by the Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV). JEV is an arbovirus that spreads primarily through the bite of a female Culex spp. mosquito. JE shows predominance over the Asia-pacific region and has the potential to spread globally with a higher rate of morbidity and mortality. JE, a neuro-invasive disease, initiates with mild fever which may lead to encephalitis with severe neurological sequelae in some cases. Efforts have been made to identify and select various target molecules essential in JEV progression, but until now, no licensed anti-JE drugs have been available. From a prophylactic point of view, a few licensed JE vaccines are available but various factors viz. high cost and different side effects imposed by them has narrowed their global use. With an average occurrence of >67,000 cases of JE annually, there is an urgent need to find a suitable antiviral drug to treat patients at the acute phase, as only supportive care is available to mitigate infection. This systematic review highlights the current status of efforts put in to develop antivirals against JE and the available vaccines along with their effectiveness. It also summarizes epidemiology, structure, pathogenesis, and potential drug targets that can be explored to develop a new range of anti-JEV drugs to combat JEV infection globally.

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“…The availability is not only caused by low local farmer knowledge about quality feed resources based on livestock needs and relatively high feed prices, but also pig feed processing methods are quite consuming the energy and time of farmers and families. Revealed that the lack of farmer efforts in providing feed in several areas of the Baliem Valley, Wamena, Papua both in terms of quantity, quality and continuity is the main factor in the low reproductive efficiency of the local pig [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing the effects of greenhouse gas emissions of organic waste by utilizing banana stems as starter local pig feed

Ullo,

Yoku,

Monim

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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In Tanah Papua, banana stems have been used as feed by local pig farmers but with a very simple processing method so that has not had a significant impact on the economic traits local pig production. The research aim is to determine an appropriate level of FBSs as a complete feed for local pig’s starters. A total of 12 local piglets aged about 6-12 weeks were given feed treatment using FBSs at levels of 0, 5,10 and 15%. The variables studied were the level of ration consumption (dry matter consumption, crude protein consumption, crude fiber consumption), daily again, and feed efficiency. The data were analyzed using ANOVA with SPSS version 24 program, then the results of ANOVA gave a significant effect followed by the Tukey test. The results showed that the complete feed treatment of FBS was quite good for local pigs starter because the pigs showed good performance. The FBS complete feed produced crude protein (CP) and metabolic energy (ME) relatively higher than the recommended Indonesian national standard (SNI) for pig starter feed. Feed treatment at 10% FBS was considered quite good based on the average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (FE).

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A Descriptive Study on Prevalence Pattern of Japanese Encephalitis in State of Manipur

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Epidemiology of Japanese Encephalitis in Central India after Implementing Immunization

Epidemiology of Japanese Encephalitis in Central India after Implementing Immunization

Japanese Encephalitis Virus: An Emerging Threat in the Indo-Pacific Region

Reducing the effects of greenhouse gas emissions of organic waste by utilizing banana stems as starter local pig feed

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