A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study on the Incidence of Osteoporosis among Adults

Abstract

Introduction:Osteoporosis is a communal metabolic bone disease categorized by augmented bone fragility, although it has not been properly diagnosed or treated. As the life expectancy of the population increases, it becomes aserious and urgentuniversal epidemic. It is anavoidableconditionand has no clinical symptoms tilloccurrence of fracture. Primary treatment and diagnosis are very important. Therefore,our study aim was to determine the osteoporosisincidence in adults admitted to the Rheumatology department. Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration: In the Medicine and Rheumatology departments of Jinnah Hospital Lahore, Mayo hospital Lahore and Niazi Medical Complex Teaching hospital Sargodha for one-year duration from August 2020 July 2021. Methods:Afterconsent from the Ethical board appropriate sampling had been performed. The collection of data and input was performed in Microsoft Excel; point estimation was calculated with confidence interval of 95% along with coefficient and frequency for binary data.All the patients aged 20 years with or without orthopedic problems were recruited. We excluded all the patients with diagnosed calcaneum fracture and any other pathology especially osteomyelitis of the right calcaneum. Initially, a sample size of 400 patients was taken however after convenient sampling this sample size was reduced to 245 patients for final analysis. Results: The total osteoporosisincidenceamong245 participants was diagnosed in26 (10.6%) with the confidence interval of 95%(5.8-11.2%). Among the patients, 102 (41.6%) are men and 143 (58.4%) are women. The participants mean age was 40.40 ± 15.20 years. Conclusions: The osteoporosisincidence in this analysis is high and is constant with various studies in South Asia. Primaryrecognition of osteoporosis with quantifiable ultrasound of the calcaneus can be a virtuous tool of screening.