“…Oharaa et al [16] reported experimental evidence for the geometric and electronic structures of metal-encapsulating Si cage cluster ions TMSi n -(TM = Ti, Hf, Mo, and W; n = [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and found that the electron affinity of TMSi n shows local minima around n = 15-16. Koyasu et al [17] investigated the electronic properties of MSi n (M = Sc, Ti, V, Y, Zr, Nb, Lu, Tb, Ho, Hf, and Ta; n = [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] clusters using the anion photoelectron spectroscopy at 213 nm. The results indicated that ScSi 16 -, TiSi 16 , VSi 16 + , NbSi 16 + , and TaSi 16 + are generated in large quantities due to both electronic and geometric closings.…”