A dendrite- and oxygen-proof protective layer for lithium metal in lithium–oxygen batteries

Abstract

NCL is rationally designed as the stable protective layer on Li metal for dendrite- and oxygen-proof in Li–O2 batteries.

Self‐Stabilized and Strongly Adhesive Supramolecular Polymer Protective Layer Enables Ultrahigh‐Rate and Large‐Capacity Lithium‐Metal Anode

“…However, these in‐situ‐formed artificial layers suffer from poor mechanical stability and cannot enable the stable cycling at high current densities (more than 1 mA cm −2 ) . In contrast, ex‐situ formation, achieved by drop‐casting, spin‐coating, atomic‐layer deposition, molecular‐layer deposition, Langmuir–Blodgett scooping, amongst others, can provide a highly controllable protective layer in terms of its thickness, mechanical strength, and flexibility. So far, different materials, including inorganic material, carbonaceous film, and polymers, organic and dual‐ or multi‐phase hybrids, have been fabricated on the Li metal surface.…”

“…However,t hese in-situformed artificial layers suffer from poor mechanical stability and cannot enable the stable cycling at high current densities (more than 1mAcm À2 ). [14] In contrast, ex-situ formation, achieved by drop-casting, [15] spin-coating, [16] atomic-layer deposition, [17] molecular-layer deposition, [18] Langmuir-Blodgett scooping, [19] amongst others,c an provide ah ighly controllable protective layer in terms of its thickness, mechanical strength, and flexibility.S of ar,d ifferent materials,i ncluding inorganic material, [20,21] carbonaceous film, [22,23] and polymers, [16,24] organic and dual-or multi-phase hybrids, [25][26][27] have been fabricated on the Li metal surface. However,t he tedious and rigorous fabrication process renders the carbonaceous protective layers far from the practical applications.F urthermore,t he interfacial contact issue between Li metal and inorganic coating layers is still unresolved.…”

A Protective Layer for Lithium Metal Anode: Why and How

“…Although inorganic layers with a high Young's modulus can effectively suppress dendrite growth, the accumulation of internal stress from the repeated large volume changes still causes cracks in a long cycling process. Therefore, flexible polymers with a high elasticity such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), [ 86,87 ] Nafion, [ 82,88 ] poly(vinylidene fluoride‐ co ‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP) [ 80 ] and agarose, have also been widely used to help maintain the integrity of the PLs. [ 89 ] As shown in Figure 3h, ion‐conducting agarose polymer (10 −2 –10 −3 S cm −1 ) with a high strain to failure (112%, Figure 3i) was coated on a Cu foil to stabilize the interface between the deposited lithium and electrolyte.…”

Improving the True Cycling of Redox Mediators‐assisted Li‐O2 Batteries

“…[13][14][15][16] On the other hand, the degradation of Li anode, which would lead to much side reaction, is also an important problem must be solved for extending the battery life. [17][18][19] In order to solve these problems and obtain decent cycling performance with high capacities and rates, various catalysts such as solid catalysts, soluble catalysts, and recently very popular photocatalysts, [20][21] etc. have been developed to reduce the overpotential of the reaction and extend the battery life.…”