A demographic profile of cervical injury: an Indonesian single tertiary hospital study with 6 months to 1-year follow-up

Abstract

Background Spinal cord injury (SCI) can cause considerable morbidity and mortality. Until now there is no spinal cord injury profile in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to provide an overview of the spinal cord injury profile as well as to analyze the functional outcome at the sixth month and the first year. Results Most spinal cord injury cases were traumatic SCI (67.5%). Meanwhile, non-traumatic SCI was 32.5%. The mean age of patients who had traumatic SCI was 41.9 ± 17.4 years while non-traumatic SCI patients was 48.4 ± 13.7 with a significant difference (p < 0.05). Most cases occurred in men rather than women with significant differences based on the type of injury (p < 0.05). Traffic accidents were the most common cause of cervical injuries (47.1%). Surgery was the most common treatment modality in cervical injury cases (60.4%) with the posterior approach being the preferred approach in most operative measures (72.4%). Respiratory failure was the leading cause of death (48.9%). The mean LOS of patients with traumatic SCI was 28.8 ± 14.3 days while the mean LOS of non-traumatic SCI patients was 44.7 ± 28.7 with a significant difference (p < 0.05). There was significance difference between the initial outcome and after the sixth month to first year follow-up (p < 0.05). Conclusions This study demonstrated the epidemiology and characteristics of spinal cord injury which mostly had a good neurological outcome.

Sex-related Differences in Epidemiology, Treatment, and Economic Burden of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury in China (2013–2018)

“…increasing incidence of spinal cord injury in females and relatively low percentage of patients who had access to early surgery) could also be useful for other developing nations with comparable sex ratios and levels of economic development. [66][67][68][69]…”

Pedicle Screw Fixation for Hemiplegia and Bilateral Hypoesthesia Due to C2-C3 Spinal Fracture Dislocation

“…Subluxation or dislocation typically happens between the C4 and C7 segments and is typically very rare to occur in the C2-C3 level 1,2 . Although cervical SCI is a common injury globally, affecting approximately 17,500 cases per year in the United States [3][4][5] , the epidemiological data of cervical SCI have not been completely identified except in tertiary institutions in developing countries, such as Indonesia. Cervical SCI is also a devastating burden to the healthcare expenses, besides its difficult recovery, which significantly affects the quality of life 6 .…”