A decontamination system for chemical weapons agents using a liquid solution on a solid sorbent

Waysbort, Daniel; McGarvey, David J.; Creasy, William R.; Morrissey, Kevin M.; Hendrickson, David; Durst, H. D.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.04.083

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Various types of mixture solution of active ingredients has been already developed, 87,88) and put to practical usage. Although the detailed information about the inclusions has not been opened, detergents, amines and oxidative reagents may be included, and these decontaminants are reported to detoxify not only CWAs but also BWAs.…”

Section: Verification Of the Existing Decontamination Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research and Development of On-site Decontamination System for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents

Seto

2011

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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Biological and chemical warfare agents (BCWAs) are diverse in nature including synthetic low molecular weight chemical warfare agents (gaseous choking and blood agents), volatile nerve gases and blister agents, nonvolatile vomit agents and lachrymators, biological toxins (polar low molecular weight toxins and proteinous toxins), and microorganisms (viruses, rickettsia, chlamydia and bacteria). In the consequence management against chemical and biological warfare terrorism, speedy decontamination of casualties, goods, items and equipments, buildings and field is required for the minimization of the terrorism damage. At present, washing casualties and contaminated materials with large volumes of water is the basic way, and hypochlorite solution is mainly used to decompose BCWAs. However, it still remains unsolved how to dispose the waste water contaminated with BCWAs, and decontaminating reagents have serious problems of high toxicity to human, despoiling nature to environment, long finishing time and non-durability. In addition, the present decontamination technologies are not effective, nonspecifically affecting the surrounding non-target materials. Therefore, it is the urgent matter to build up usable decontamination system surpassing the present system. The author introduces the joint project of research and development of the novel decontamination system against BCWAs, in the purpose of realizing non-dangerous, rapid, specific, effective and economical on-site decontamination. The project consists of establishment of the evaluation methods for decontamination, and verification of the present technologies and utilization of bacterial organophosphorus hydrolase, development of specific adsorptive elimination technologies using molecular recognition devices, and development of deactivation technologies using photocatalysis.

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Section: Verification Of the Existing Decontamination Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research and Development of On-site Decontamination System for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents

Seto

2011

JOURNAL OF HEALTH SCIENCE

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“…[23][24][25] This micro-scale approach to screening reaction chemistries has been successfully implemented in other studies investigating the chemical neutralization of CWA. [26][27][28][29][30] While CWA and reagent volumes were varied depending on the experiment, the basic procedure was the same throughout this study. The rusted iron and copper were added to represent the typical relative quantities of iron and copper present in the reaction vessel during typical EDS operations.…”

Section: 1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Force to Fail Reactions With Monoethanolamine: Application to the Explosive Destruction System

Morrissey¹,

Ruth²,

Sumpter³

2014

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY)XX-02-2014 REPORT TYPE DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENTApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES ABSTRACTThe primary purpose of this effort was to determine the maximum loading of chemical warfare agents (CWA) which could be utilized and still meet the treatment goal under typical Explosive Destruction System (EDS) operating conditions. The intention was not to conduct an investigation into whether the reaction kinetics and product distribution change with increased agent loadings. The primary metric of success was the residual agent concentration remaining in the neutralent. GB was successfully neutralized to less than the treatment goal of 1 mg/L at loadings 3−5 times the typical GB loading of 10%. HD was successfully neutralized to less than the treatment goal of 50 mg/L at loadings 4−5 times the typical HD loading of 10%. VX was not reduced below the treatment goal of 1 mg/L under any of the conditions evaluated during this study. In the 1% VX loading experiments conducted at 60 °C for 6 h, the residual VX was approximately 3 times higher than the treatment goal. SUBJECT TERMS MonoethanoloamineForce The use of either trade or manufacturers' names in this report does not constitute an official endorsement of any commercial products. This report may not be cited for purposes of endorsement.This report has been approved for public release. The Explosive Destruction System (EDS) is a trailer-mounted containment vessel system designed to destroy chemical munitions with or without explosive components. The EDS employs explosive-shaped charges to detonate the munition burster and breach the munition wall exposing the chemical fill materiel. Once the fill materiel is exposed, chemical reagents are pumped into the EDS vessel, and the fill materiel is neutralized. In a recent report, throughput of munitions was cited as an area which could be improved. Increasing the amount of fill materiel neutralized during each run would be one way to increase throughput. This report summarizes efforts to determine the maximum amount of agent that can be neutralized and ...

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“…Waysbort et al [140] reported a decontamination system variant of Decon Green TM [141] for CWA detoxification. The decontaminant system, which was composed of a liquid decontamination reagent solution with solid sorbent particles, was tested for reactivity with mustard, soman, and VX.…”

Section: Degradation In Detoxification Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of NMR techniques for toxic organophosphorus compound profiling

Koskela

2010

Journal of Chromatography B

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A decontamination system for chemical weapons agents using a liquid solution on a solid sorbent

Cited by 20 publications

References 13 publications

Research and Development of On-site Decontamination System for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents

Research and Development of On-site Decontamination System for Biological and Chemical Warfare Agents

Force to Fail Reactions With Monoethanolamine: Application to the Explosive Destruction System

Use of NMR techniques for toxic organophosphorus compound profiling

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