A Decade of Combination Antiretroviral Treatment in Asia: The TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database Cohort

Jiamsakul, Awachana

doi:10.1089/aid.2015.0294

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Patients were recruited into the study between 2012–2014 if they were ART naïve HIV-infected and receiving care at one of the participating TAHOD (13) sites. Consecutive new TB cases were enrolled after a diagnosis (not recurrence) of pulmonary or extra-pulmonary localisation or both, confirmed by either a positive Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB) smear microscopy of any clinical specimen other than stool, or positive culture and identification of mycobacteria of the tuberculosis-complex specimen, or positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) -based detection and identification of mycobacteria of the tuberculosis-complex from any clinical specimen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic status and risk of tuberculosis: a case-control study of HIV-infected patients in Asia

Jiamsakul

Lee

Nguyen

et al. 2018

int j tuberc lung dis

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Setting Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common HIV-related opportunistic infection and AIDS-related death. TB often affects those from low socio-economic background. Objective This matched case-control study was designed to assess socio-economic determinants of TB in HIV-infected patients in Asia. Design HIV-positive-TB-positive cases were matched to HIV-positive-TB-negative controls according to age, sex and CD4 cell count. A socio-economic questionnaire consisting of 23 questions including education level, employment, housing and substance use, was distributed. Socio-economic risk factors for TB was analysed using conditional logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 340 patients (170 matched pairs) were recruited, with 262 (77.1%) matched on all three criteria. Pulmonary TB was the predominant type (115, 67.6%). The main risk factor for TB was not having university level education (OR=4.45, 95%CI (1.50-13.17), p=0.007). Burning wood or coal regularly inside the house and living in the same place of origin were weakly associated with TB diagnosis. Conclusions Our data suggests that lower socio-economic status is associated with increased risk of TB in Asia. Integrating clinical and socio-economic factors into the treatment of HIV may help in the prevention of opportunistic infections and disease progression.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic status and risk of tuberculosis: a case-control study of HIV-infected patients in Asia

Jiamsakul

Lee

Nguyen

et al. 2018

int j tuberc lung dis

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“…There were 21 sites from Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam. The TAHOD cohort contributes to the IeDEA global consortium and has been described previously [ 12 , 13 , 14 ]. TAHOD sites are predominantly major HIV referral centres with data collected during routine care [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virological failure and treatment switch after ART initiation among people living with HIV with and without routine viral load monitoring in Asia

et al. 2022

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Introduction Viral load (VL) testing is still challenging to monitor treatment responses of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV treatment programme in Asia. We assessed the association between routine VL testing and virological failure (VF) and determine factors associated with switching to second‐line regimen. Methods Among 21 sites from the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD), people living with HIV (PLHIV) aged ≥18 years initiating ART from 2003 to 2021 were included. We calculated the average number of VL tests per patient per year between the date of ART initiation and the most recent visit. If the median average number of VL tests was ≥ 0.80 per patient per year, the site was classified as a routine VL site. A site with a median < 0.80 was classified into the non‐routine VL sites. VF was defined as VL ≥1000 copies/ml during first‐line therapy. Factors associated with VF were analysed using generalized estimating equations with Poisson distribution. Results Of 6277 PLHIV starting ART after 2003, 3030 (48%) were from 11 routine VL testing sites and 3247 (52%) were from 10 non‐routine VL testing sites. The median follow‐up was 9 years (IQR 5–13). The median age was 35 (30–42) years; 68% were male and 5729 (91%) started non‐nucleoside reverse‐transcriptase inhibitor‐based regimen. The median pre‐ART CD4 count in PLHIV from routine VL sites was lower compared to non‐routine VL sites (144 vs. 156 cells/mm 3 , p <0.001). Overall, 1021 subsequent VF at a rate of 2.15 (95% CI 2.02–2.29) per 100 person‐years (PY). VF was more frequent at non‐routine VL sites (adjusted incidence rate ratio 2.85 [95% CI 2.27–3.59]) compared to routine VL sites. Other factors associated with an increased rate of VF were age <50 years and CD4 count <350 cells/mm 3 . A total of 817 (13%) patients switched to second‐line regimen at a rate of 1.44 (95% CI 1.35–1.54) per 100 PY. PLHIV at routine VL monitoring sites were at higher risk of switching than those at non‐routine VL sites (adjusted sub‐hazard ratio 1.78 95% CI [1.17–2.71]). Conclusions PLHIV from non‐routine VL sites had a higher incidence of persistent VF and a low switching regimen rate, reflecting possible under‐utilized VL testing.

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“…The study population consisted of patients enrolled in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD), a prospective observational cohort of the International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS which has previously been described in detail [16, 17]. Briefly, HIV-positive adults (≥18 years) were enrolled from 2003 onward at 21 clinical sites in 12 Asian countries.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular Disease Incidence Projections in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD)

et al. 2018

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Objectives We aimed to project the 10-year future incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and model several intervention scenarios based on a multi-site Asian HIV-positive cohort. Methods Analyses were based on patients recruited to the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD), consisting of 21 sites in 12 countries. Patients on triple antiretroviral therapy (ART) were included if they were alive, without previous CVD, and had data on CVD risk factors. Annual new CVD events for 2019–2028 were estimated with the D:A:D equation, accounting for age- and sex-adjusted mortality. Modelled intervention scenarios were treatment of high total cholesterol, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) or high blood pressure, abacavir or lopinavir substitution, and smoking cessation. Results Of 3703 included patients, 69% were male, median age was 46 (IQR 40–53) years, and median time since ART initiation was 9.8 years (IQR 7.5–14.1). Cohort incidence rates of CVD were projected to increase from 730 per 100,000 person-years (pys) in 2019 to 1432 per 100,000 pys in 2028. In the modelled intervention scenarios, most events can be avoided by smoking cessation, abacavir substitution, lopinavir substitution, decreasing total cholesterol, treating high blood pressure, and increasing HDL. Conclusions Our projections suggest a doubling of CVD incidence rates in Asian HIV-positive adults in our cohort. An increase in CVD can be expected in any aging population, however, according to our models, this can be close to averted by interventions. Thus, there is an urgent need for risk screening and integration of HIV and CVD programmes to reduce the future CVD burden.

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A Decade of Combination Antiretroviral Treatment in Asia: The TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database Cohort

Cited by 23 publications

References 31 publications

Socio-economic status and risk of tuberculosis: a case-control study of HIV-infected patients in Asia

Socio-economic status and risk of tuberculosis: a case-control study of HIV-infected patients in Asia

Virological failure and treatment switch after ART initiation among people living with HIV with and without routine viral load monitoring in Asia

Cardiovascular Disease Incidence Projections in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD)

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