A database solution for the quantitative characterisation and comparison of deep-marine siliciclastic depositional systems

Cullis, Sophie; Patacci, Marco; Colombera, Luca; Bührig, Laura; McCaffrey, William D.

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.12.023

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 125 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…In both the documented outcrop and subsurface examples, the lobe complexes are seen to stack aggradationally, producing amalgamated lobe complexes hundreds of metres thick; far in excess of the thicknesses typically documented in unconfined settings (e.g., Fig. 13; Table 3; Prelat et al, 2009;Macdonald et al, 2011;Straub and Pyles, 2012;Cullis et al, 2019). More typically, lobe complexes are seen to be separated by thinner bedded, muddier sediment, either representing a shutdown or an avulsion of the sedimentary system (Prelat et al, 2009).…”

Section: Integration and Interpretation Of Tectono-stratigraphic Architecturementioning

confidence: 87%

Deformation–sedimentation feedback and the development of anomalously thick aggradational turbidite lobes: Outcrop and subsurface examples from the Hikurangi Margin, New Zealand

McArthur

Bailleul²,

Mahieux

et al. 2021

Journal of Sedimentary Research

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Concepts of the interaction between autogenic (e.g., flow process) and allogenic (e.g., tectonics) controls on sedimentation have advanced to a state that allows the controlling forces to be distinguished. Here we examine outcropping and subsurface Neogene deep-marine clastic systems that traversed the Hikurangi subduction margin via thrust-bounded trench-slope basins, providing an opportunity to examine the interplay of structural deformation and deep-marine sedimentation. Sedimentary logging and mapping of Miocene outcrops from the exhumed portion of the subduction wedge record heavily amalgamated, sand-rich lobe complexes, up to 200 m thick, which accumulated behind NE–SW-oriented growth structures. There was no significant deposition from low-density parts of the gravity flows in the basin center, although lateral fringes demonstrate fining and thinning indicative of deposits from low-density flows. Seismic data from the offshore portion of the margin show analogous lobate reflector geometries. These deposits accumulate into complexes up to 5 km wide, 8 km long, and 300 m thick, comparable in scale with the outcropping lobes on this margin. Mapping reveals lobe complexes that are vertically stacked behind thrusts. These results illustrate repeated trapping of the sandier parts of turbidity currents to form aggradational lobe complexes, with the finer-grained suspended load bypassing to areas downstream. However, the repeated development of lobes characterized by partial bypass implies that a feedback mechanism operates to perpetuate a partial confinement condition, via rejuvenation of accommodation. The mechanism proposed is a coupling of sediment loading and deformation rate, such that load-driven subsidence focuses stress on basin-bounding faults and perpetuates generation of accommodation in the basin, hence modulating tectonic forcing. Recognition of such a mechanism has implications for understanding the tectono-stratigraphic evolution of deep-marine fold and thrust belts and the distribution of resources within them.

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Section: Integration and Interpretation Of Tectono-stratigraphic Architecturementioning

confidence: 87%

Deformation–sedimentation feedback and the development of anomalously thick aggradational turbidite lobes: Outcrop and subsurface examples from the Hikurangi Margin, New Zealand

McArthur

Bailleul²,

Mahieux

et al. 2021

Journal of Sedimentary Research

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“…The entity-relationship model of DASA is based in part on those of other sedimentological relational databases: the Shallow-Marine Architecture Knowledge Store (SMAKS; Colombera et al, 2016), the Deep-Marine Architecture Knowledge Store (DMAKS; Cullis et al, 2019) and the Fluvial Architecture Knowledge Transfer System (FAKTS; Colombera et al, 2012a).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In parallel with this rigid hierarchy, DASA adopts an open hierarchy for certain units of the same rank: geomorphic, architectural and facies elements (cf. Colombera et al, 2016;Cullis et al, 2019). This allows hierarchical relationships between different units of the same rank to be stored, using parent-child relationships.…”

Section: Database Structure and Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To facilitate the quantitative sedimentological and stratigraphical characterization of aeolian systems, and to enable meaningful comparisons between systems, this study introduces and employs a novel relational database: the Database of Aeolian Sedimentary Architecture (DASA). The use of databasing methodologies in the broader field of sedimentology has increased in recent years (e.g., Baas et al, 2005;Gibling, 2006;Colombera et al, 2012aColombera et al, , 2013Colombera et al, , 2016Cullis et al, 2019). DASA represents the first example of a quantitative, relational database with global coverage, designed specifically to investigate sedimentary relationships within and between modern and ancient aeolian sedimentary successions (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A database of Aeolian Sedimentary Architecture for the characterization of modern and ancient sedimentary systems

Cosgrove

Colombera

Mountney

2021

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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“…Three geometrical geological inputs are required: Submarine channel dimension (depth and width), the size of the median and coarsest sediment particles present on the bed, and submarinechannel gradient. These can be derived from subsurface datasets such as reflection seismic data, core, or well-logs (Samuel et al, 2003), from chosen outcrop analogues or architectural data-stores Cullis et al, 2019), modern oceanographic analogues (Covault et al, 2011;Prather et al, 2016), or source-to-sink predictions based on system style (Helland-Hansen et al, 2016). An additional estimation of the range of depth average sediment concentration needs to be supplied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Sediment Budget Estimator (SBE): a process-model for the stochastic estimation of fluxes and budgets of sediment through submarine channel systems.

Eggenhuisen¹,

Tilston²,

Stevenson³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Turbidity currents transport vast amounts of sediment through submarine channels onto deepmarine basin floor fans. There is a lack of quantitative tools for the reconstruction of the sediment budget of these systems. The aim of this paper is to construct a simple and user-friendly model that can estimate turbidity-current structure and sediment budget based on observable submarine channel dimensions and general characteristics of the system of interest. The requirements for the model were defined in the spirit of the source-to-sink perspective of sediment volume modeling: a simple, quantitative model that reflects natural variability and can be applied to ancient systems with sparse data-availability. The model uses the input conditions to parameterize analytical formulations for the velocity and concentration profiles of turbidity currents. Channel cross-section and temporal punctuation of turbidity-current activity in the channel are used to estimate sediment flux and sediment budget. The inherent uncertainties of geological sediment budget estimations motivate a stochastic approach, which results in histograms of sediment budget estimations, rather than discrete values. The model is validated against small-scale experimental turbidity currents and the 1929 Grand Banks turbidity current. It is found to perform within acceptable margins of error for sediment flux predictions at these smallest and largest scales of turbidity currents possible on Earth. This success motivates application of the model to a reconstruction of the sediment budget related to Cretaceous slope-channel deposits (Tres Pasos Formation, Chile). The results give insight into the likely highly stratified concentration profile and the flow velocity of the Cretaceous turbidity currents that formed the deposits. They also yield estimates of the typical volume of sediment transported through the channels while they were active. These volumes are demonstrated to vary greatly depending on the geologic interpretation of the relation between observable deposit geometries and the dimensions of the flows that formed them. Finally, the shape of the probability density functions of predicted sediment budgets is shown to depend on the geological (un)certainty ranges. Correct geological interpretations of deep marine deposits are therefore indispensable for quantifications of sediment budgets in deep marine systems.

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A database solution for the quantitative characterisation and comparison of deep-marine siliciclastic depositional systems

Abstract: This is a repository copy of A database solution for the quantitative characterisation and comparison of deep-marine siliciclastic depositional systems.

Cited by 17 publications

References 125 publications

Deformation–sedimentation feedback and the development of anomalously thick aggradational turbidite lobes: Outcrop and subsurface examples from the Hikurangi Margin, New Zealand

Deformation–sedimentation feedback and the development of anomalously thick aggradational turbidite lobes: Outcrop and subsurface examples from the Hikurangi Margin, New Zealand

A database of Aeolian Sedimentary Architecture for the characterization of modern and ancient sedimentary systems

The Sediment Budget Estimator (SBE): a process-model for the stochastic estimation of fluxes and budgets of sediment through submarine channel systems.

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