A database for the analysis of immunity genes in Drosophila

Lee, Mark J.; Mondal, Ariful; Small, Chiyedza; Paddibhatla, Indira; Kawaguchi, Akira; Govind, Shubha

doi:10.4161/fly.5.2.14674

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…table 2). c Venn diagram showing differentially regulated transcripts after infection with common Gram-negative (G-) and -positive (G+) bacteria [32,34], pathogenic G- bacterial wasps [33,35,49] and nematodes (this work) in Drosophila larvae. 381 and 104 transcripts are specifically up- or down-regulated after nematobacterial infection (comprising altogether 485 differentially regulated transcripts in category D). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Transcriptional Analysis of Drosophila Larvae Infected by Entomopathogenic Nematodes Shows Involvement of Complement, Recognition and Extracellular Matrix Proteins

et al. 2013

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Heterorhabditis bacteriophora is an entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) which infects its host by accessing the hemolymph where it releases endosymbiotic bacteria of the species Photorhabdus luminescens. We performed a genome-wide transcriptional analysis of the Drosophila response to EPN infection at the time point at which the nematodes reached the hemolymph either via the cuticle or the gut and the bacteria had started to multiply. Many of the most strongly induced genes have been implicated in immune responses in other infection models. Mapping of the complete set of differentially regulated genes showed the hallmarks of a wound response, but also identified a large fraction of EPN-specific transcripts. Several genes identified by transcriptome profiling or their homologues play protective roles during nematode infections. Genes that positively contribute to controlling nematobacterial infections encode: a homolog of thioester-containing complement protein 3, a basement membrane component (glutactin), a recognition protein (GNBP-like 3) and possibly several small peptides. Of note is that several of these genes have not previously been implicated in immune responses.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Transcriptional Analysis of Drosophila Larvae Infected by Entomopathogenic Nematodes Shows Involvement of Complement, Recognition and Extracellular Matrix Proteins

et al. 2013

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“…The data also prompts the comparison between the immune response to different pathogens and modes of infection (a database with many of the results discussed in this review, useful for these comparisons, has been recently established [102]). Studies where different infections are directly compared do show substantial differences between them [58,59,69,72,86,88].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Whole-genome expression profile analysis of Drosophila melanogaster immune responses

Teixeira¹

2012

Briefings in Functional Genomics

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Drosophila melanogaster is an established model organism for the study of host-pathogen interactions. The sequencing of its genome allowed the prediction of all the genes encoded in it and, consequently, enabled a more comprehensive view of its immune responses. Whole-genome transcription analyses of Drosophila response to bacteria, fungi, parasitoids and viruses allow a comparison of the response between different classes of microorganisms and between pathogens of the same class. Overall, there is great diversity in the immune responses but there are a few pathways that are frequently activated. These studies provide a better understanding of how the host resists the infection and responds to the associated damage. Moreover, the data give insights into how microorganisms can manipulate their host and successfully establish an infection.

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“…Microarrays represent a rich source of co-regulated genes in different tissues and infectious conditions, and have been comprehensively reviewed in [65]. The Pathogen Associated Drosophila MicroArray (PADMA) database (www.padmadatabase.org) regroups accessible microarray data sets from a variety of immune challenges [66]. A list of annotated immune genes involved in the Drosophila immune response as well as a collection of microarrays giving transcriptional profiles upon systemic infection, intestinal infection and tracheal infection are available here: http://lemaitrelab.epfl.ch/ resources.…”

Section: Methods For Identifying Novel Immune Genes Based On Large Scmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods to study Drosophila immunity

Neyen

Bretscher

Binggeli

et al. 2014

Methods

127

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a b s t r a c tInnate immune mechanisms are well conserved throughout evolution, and many theoretical concepts, molecular pathways and gene networks are applicable to invertebrate model organisms as much as vertebrate ones. Drosophila immunity research benefits from an easily manipulated genome, a fantastic international resource of transgenic tools and over a quarter century of accumulated techniques and approaches to study innate immunity. Here we present a short collection of ways to challenge the fruit fly immune system with various pathogens and parasites, as well as read-outs to assess its functions, including cellular and humoral immune responses. Our review covers techniques for assessing the kinetics and efficiency of immune responses quantitatively and qualitatively, such as survival analysis, bacterial persistence, antimicrobial peptide gene expression, phagocytosis and melanisation assays. Finally, we offer a toolkit of Drosophila strains available to the research community for current and future research.

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A database for the analysis of immunity genes in Drosophila

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Genome-Wide Transcriptional Analysis of <b><i>Drosophila</i></b> Larvae Infected by Entomopathogenic Nematodes Shows Involvement of Complement, Recognition and Extracellular Matrix Proteins

Genome-Wide Transcriptional Analysis of <b><i>Drosophila</i></b> Larvae Infected by Entomopathogenic Nematodes Shows Involvement of Complement, Recognition and Extracellular Matrix Proteins

Whole-genome expression profile analysis of Drosophila melanogaster immune responses

Methods to study Drosophila immunity

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