A database for deliquescence and efflorescence relative humidities of compounds with atmospheric relevance

Peng, Chao; Chen, Lanxiadi; Tang, Mingjin

doi:10.1016/j.fmre.2021.11.021

Cited by 62 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…c) Deliquescence RH of Li + , Na + , K + , Ca 2 + , and Mg 2 + salts. [53] Angewandte Chemie result, a high water uptake of � 0.6 g g À 1 was obtained at 29.5 % RH. In another study, LiCl was introduced in MIL-101(Cr) at a salt content of 51 wt%.…”

Section: Salt-based Composites As Sorbent Materialsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Despite the high water uptake of salts, their deliquescence nature limits the direct application of salts in AWH. One of the most hygroscopic salts, LiCl, deliquesces at 11 % RH; other widely used salts, CaCl 2 and MgCl 2 , start deliquescence at 27 % RH and 31 % RH (Figure 6c) [53] . During AWH cycling, the dissolved salt droplets coalesce into a bulk solution with largely reduced surface area, causing agglomeration and sluggish sorption/desorption kinetics.…”

Section: Salt‐based Composites As Sorbent Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sorbents for Atmospheric Water Harvesting: From Design Principles to Applications

et al. 2022

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Water scarcity caused by climate change and population growth poses a grave threat to human society. Of the different water purification technologies put forward, one presents a promising strategy that is spatially or temporally non‐restricted—atmospheric water harvesting (AWH). Here we review recent progress in the design and study of AWH sorbents, ranging from the innovative chemistries to the integration of sophisticated architectures and functional components, and clarify the structure–property–performance relationship that governs the water capture and release processes. Features and limitations of each type of sorbents are summarized to elucidate the optimal working environments and modes. Progress in applications extending from water generation to thermal management and agriculture are discussed. Future developments regarding material modifications, performance measurements, and system optimizations are provided to overcome lingering barriers to sorbent design and implementation.

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Section: Salt-based Composites As Sorbent Materialsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Salt‐based Composites As Sorbent Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorbents for Atmospheric Water Harvesting: From Design Principles to Applications

et al. 2022

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“…The RH under the Petri dish was controlled with various saturated salt solutions, a method which is often used in laboratory experiments [33,34]. The used salts for the saturated solutions with the corresponding equilibrium RH at 20 °C and 25 °C are listed in Table 1.…”

Section: Atmospheric Corrosion Experiments -Setup and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Atmospheric Corrosion on Aluminum Aircraft Structures at Varying Relative Humidity

Erlinger¹,

Kralovec²,

Schagerl³

2022

Preprint

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Atmospheric corrosion of aluminum aircraft structures occurs due to numerous reasons. A typical phenomenon leading to corrosion is the deliquescence of contaminants such as salts due to changes in relative humidity (RH) caused by aircraft operation at different altitudes and climate zones. Currently, corrosion of aircrafts is controlled by scheduled inspections. In contrast, the present contribution aims for a continuous monitoring approach by using the acoustic emission (AE) method to detect and further evaluate atmospheric corrosion. The AE method is frequently used for corrosion detection at typically immersion-like conditions or for corrosion types where stress-induced cracking is involved. However, it has not yet been demonstrated for atmospheric corrosion at unloaded aluminum structures. To address this question, the present investigation uses small droplets of a corrosive sodium chloride (NaCl) solution to induce atmospheric corrosion on aluminum alloy AA2024-T351. Operating conditions of an aircraft are simulated by a controlled variation in RH. In addition, videos of the corrosion site are recorded to visually observe the corrosion process. Pitting corrosion is generated and clearly measurable AE signals are detected. An automatic video processing algorithm looking for sudden changes on the corrosion site mainly detects hydrogen bubbles formed when aluminum reacts with aqueous solutions. A clear correlation between the observed pitting corrosion, the AE and the hydrogen bubble activity and the RH, i.e., the electrolyte present at the aluminum surface, is found. Thus, the findings demonstrate the applicability of the AE method for monitoring atmospheric corrosion of aluminum aircraft structures by today’s measurement equipment. Numerous potential effects that can cause measurable AE signals are investigated and discussed. Among these, bubble activity is clearly considered to be the most emissive one.

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“…The solubilities of NaCl and MgCl 2 are very similar, being 6.1 and 5.8 mol kg À1 , respectively. 46 The efflorescence relative humidity (ERH) of NaCl particles has been reported to be in the range of 45-48%, 47,48 whereas MgCl 2 effloresces only below 2% RH 48 (as a hydrate MgCl 2 $6H 2 O at 9-11% RH 49 ). Gupta et al 50 studied 1-10 mm deposited NaCl-MgCl 2 particles as a function of RH and mixing ratio.…”

Section: Inorganic Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface composition of size-selected sea salt particles under the influence of organic acids studied in situ using synchrotron radiation X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Patanen

Unger

Saak

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci.: Atmos.

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A database for deliquescence and efflorescence relative humidities of compounds with atmospheric relevance

Cited by 62 publications

References 149 publications

Sorbents for Atmospheric Water Harvesting: From Design Principles to Applications

Sorbents for Atmospheric Water Harvesting: From Design Principles to Applications

Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Atmospheric Corrosion on Aluminum Aircraft Structures at Varying Relative Humidity

Surface composition of size-selected sea salt particles under the influence of organic acids studied in situ using synchrotron radiation X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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