A data-driven electric water heater scheduling and control system

Shen, Gulai; Lee, Zachary E.; Amadeh, Ali; Zhang, K. Max

doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2021.110924

Cited by 36 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This social interaction effectively saves energy and reduces waste. But the problem is that the improvement in the heating process cannot solve the problem of large water temperature delay [7,8]. This paper will design a control system aiming at the outlet end and use a relatively simple and low-cost PID controller combined with a feedforward control method to improve the water supply system outlet temperature control in the household environment.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A design of a household output water temperature control system based on the PID controller and feedforward control

Liu

2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Household bathroom products are facing the problems of input water temperature fluctuation and effluent temperature control delay, which brings trouble to consumers. This essay will propose a solution that controls the water temperature at the effluent end by adding a water tank and an electrical heater. The author establishes a mathematical model of the water tank and calculates the transfer functions of different parts of the control system. He also chooses a PID controller as the core of the closed-loop system. A feedforward control system is built into the design to reduce the effect of the disturbance. Simulink software is used to conduct the simulation experiment. The result of the simulation shows that the change in heat provided by the heater has the ability to control the temperature of the output water. Additionally, the feedforward control system can reduce the influence of the input water temperature effectively.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A design of a household output water temperature control system based on the PID controller and feedforward control

Liu

2024

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…• For a water heater, using the method from [19], the temperature variation function θ 2 is given by…”

Section: Loads Scheduling Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loads scheduling for demand response in energy communities

Sangaré

Bourreau

Fortz

et al. 2023

Computers & Operations Research

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“…(1) Minimization of electricity cost under TOU (2) Satisfying the comfort water temperature within the predefined bound [106] Minimization of cost function under Spanish electricity price tariff [107] (1) Minimization of energy cost under day-ahead and real-time pricing (2) Maximization of residents' comfort [108] Cost saving for household to remote control electric water heater [109] Non-Thermostatically Controlled Appliances Non-TCAs Wet Appliances (1) Minimization of energy cost (2) Maximization of renewable energy demand (3) Minimization of carbon emission [110] Proposing compensation contract to increase flexibility of wet appliances [111] Harness energy flexibility of buildings to flatten demand consumption [112] Providing load balancing for power system and minimizing the energy cost [113] (1) Minimizing energy consumption (2) Reduction of emission and environmental impacts (3) Reduction of peak demand [114] (1) Flattening of peak demand (2) Meeting residents' convenience [115] Private Parking Vehicle-to-Home (V2H)…”

Section: Residential Demand Flexibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Demand-Side Flexibility in Power Systems: A Survey of Residential, Industrial, Commercial, and Agricultural Sectors

Golmohamadi

2022

Sustainability

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In recent years, environmental concerns about climate change and global warming have encouraged countries to increase investment in renewable energies. As the penetration of renewable power goes up, the intermittency of the power system increases. To counterbalance the power fluctuations, demand-side flexibility is a workable solution. This paper reviews the flexibility potentials of demand sectors, including residential, industrial, commercial, and agricultural, to facilitate the integration of renewables into power systems. In the residential sector, home energy management systems and heat pumps exhibit great flexibility potential. The former can unlock the flexibility of household devices, e.g., wet appliances and lighting systems. The latter integrates the joint heat–power flexibility of heating systems into power grids. In the industrial sector, heavy industries, e.g., cement manufacturing plants, metal smelting, and oil refinery plants, are surveyed. It is discussed how energy-intensive plants can provide flexibility for energy systems. In the commercial sector, supermarket refrigerators, hotels/restaurants, and commercial parking lots of electric vehicles are pointed out. Large-scale parking lots of electric vehicles can be considered as great electrical storage not only to provide flexibility for the upstream network but also to supply the local commercial sector, e.g., shopping stores. In the agricultural sector, irrigation pumps, on-farm solar sites, and variable-frequency-drive water pumps are shown as flexible demands. The flexibility potentials of livestock farms are also surveyed.

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A data-driven electric water heater scheduling and control system

Cited by 36 publications

References 22 publications

A design of a household output water temperature control system based on the PID controller and feedforward control

A design of a household output water temperature control system based on the PID controller and feedforward control

Loads scheduling for demand response in energy communities

Demand-Side Flexibility in Power Systems: A Survey of Residential, Industrial, Commercial, and Agricultural Sectors

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