Protein microtubules are one of the most effective intracellular components. The microtubules structure is in a
manner that their behaviour is similar to that of the orthotropic materials. Therefore, in this paper, size-dependent
vibration of the anisotropic protein microtubule is studied. For this purpose, using a first shear deformable shell
model and based on couple stress theory, new equations are developed for the dynamic behavior of anisotropic
protein microtubule. After solving the governing equations of microtubule motion, the effects of cytoplasm environment, microtubule dimensions and its mechanical properties, and material length scale parameters on the
natural frequency of microtubules are investigated.