A cytotaxonomic study of Galium (Rubiaceae) in Korea

Jeong, Keum Seon; Pak, Jae Hong

doi:10.11110/kjpt.2009.39.1.042

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Platygalium (BS: 80%, PP<0.95). The previous classification based on morphological study of the four taxa of the G. trachygalium group was not resolved (Jeong and Pak, 2009). The individuals from the same taxa did not even form the monophyletic.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Two taxa usually occur in northern part of Korean peninsula, especially in the mountain forests in lower elevation. The somatic chromosome number of G. kinuta and G. boreale were 4X (2n=44) and/or 2X (2n=11), respectively (Jeong and Pak, 2009). G. kinuta is erect, four leaf-like organs, three veins, branched panicles of inflorescences, and white flowers.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Relationships Of Korean-japanese Galiummentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogeny of <i>Galium</i> L. (Rubiaceae) from Korea and Japan based on chloroplast DNA sequence

Jeong

Shin

Maki

et al. 2016

Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon

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The present paper deals with the phylogeny and inter-and intragenic relationships using four chloroplast DNA sequences within 19 Galium L. species from Korea and Japan. Maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses were conducted to clarify the relationships among the section and species. The strict consensus tree had three main clades. Clade I comprises of the only individuals of G. paradoxum Maximowicz (sect. Cymogalia), which is distinguished by opposite leaves in the genus, supported by the 100% bootstrap value (PP: 0.98); Clade II consists of members of eight sections (sect. Galium, sect. Hylaea, sect. Kolgyda, sect. Trachygalium, sect. Leptogalium, sect. Orientigalium, sect. Aparine, and sect. Leiogalium); Clade III comprises members of eight sections (sect. Baccogalium, sect. Lophogalium, sect. Platygalium, sect. Relbunium, sect. Depauperata, sect. Aparinoides, sect. Leiogalium and Trachygalium). The sect. Leptogalium which includes two taxa namely G. tokyoense Makino and G. dahuricum var. lasiocarpum (Makino) Nakai is paraphyletic. Four taxa of Trachygalium group (G. trachyspermum A. Gray, G. gracilens (A. Gray) Makino, G. pogonanthum Franch. & Sav., G. koreanum Nakai) were placed from sect. Cymogalia to sect. Platygalium based on molecular and morphological data.Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 23(2): 237-246, 2016 (December)

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Section: Phylogenetic Analysesmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Phylogenetic Relationships Of Korean-japanese Galiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny of <i>Galium</i> L. (Rubiaceae) from Korea and Japan based on chloroplast DNA sequence

Jeong

Shin

Maki

et al. 2016

Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon

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“…1; Lee 2004). Recently, Jeong & Pak (2009) have determined that both taxa have the same numbers of somatic chromosomes, i.e., 2n = 44. An important difference in growth patterns of the two variants is that G. verum a.p.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…appears to be a dwarf variant of G. verum a., developing a short stem with small leaves ( Fig. 1; Lee 1996;Jeong & Pak 2009). Judged from its specific habitat and dwarfism, therefore, G. verum a.p.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An evolutionary and developmental approach toward understanding of growth variations of two closely related dwarfism of Galium verum

2014

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Galium L. is one of the largest and most widespread genus of Rubiaceae, consisting of more than 650 species worldwide. Galium verum var. asiaticum (G. verum a.) is a perennial herbaceous and widely distributed in in Korea peninsula. On the other hand, Galium verum var. asiaticum for. pusillum (G. verum a.p.) is endemic to Korea, inhabiting only on high land of Mt. Halla of Jeju. G. verum a.p. appears to be a dwarfism of G. verum a. We wondered what physiological, environmental, or genetic factors rendered those two taxa morphologically differentiated. We found that G. verum a.p. shows a low activity of the cell proliferation and was not associated with responsiveness contents of auxin and gibberellins. In order to search for genetic factors involved, we carried out an mRNA differential display method using the ACPs, and isolated several different expression genes between the two taxa. We chose one of those genes, which encoded RADIALIS-like proteins: GvaRADL1 from G. verum a. and GvapRADL1 from G. verum a.p. We discuss the relevancy of the genetic variations in regard to the differential expression patterns of those genes and the differential growth patterns of the two variants.

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Anti-inflammatory Effect of Galium aparine Extract in RAW 264.7 Cells

Shim¹

2018

Asian J Beauty Cosmetol

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Purpose: This study was performed to identify the skin anti-inflammatory effect of Galium aparine (GA) extract on RAW 264.7 cells. Methods: To investigate antiinflammatory effects of GA on RAW 264.7 cells, we measured 1,1-Diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, cell viability, mRNA expressions, nitric oxide (NO), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production. Results: In this study, we elucidated anti-inflammatory effects of GA extract on interleukin 1α (IL1α), interleukin 1β (IL1β) interleukin 6 (IL6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) mRNA expression and NO production. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed that the GA extract decreased mRNA expression level of IL1α, IL1β, IL6, and TNFα and detection of NO and PGE2 also revealed that GA induces anti-inflammatory effects. Conclusion: Therefore, we successfully identified the anti-inflammatory effect of GA extract, and this result showed that the GA extract can be a potent cosmetic ingredient for anti-inflammatory and atopic dermatitis. Based on this, we anticipate further studies on the GA extract to determine a mechanism for developing not only cosmetics but also healthcare food or medicines.

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A cytotaxonomic study of Galium (Rubiaceae) in Korea

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Phylogeny of <i>Galium</i> L. (Rubiaceae) from Korea and Japan based on chloroplast DNA sequence

Phylogeny of <i>Galium</i> L. (Rubiaceae) from Korea and Japan based on chloroplast DNA sequence

An evolutionary and developmental approach toward understanding of growth variations of two closely related dwarfism of Galium verum

Anti-inflammatory Effect of Galium aparine Extract in RAW 264.7 Cells

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