A cyber–physical system-based approach for industrial automation systems

Abstract

Abstract-Industrial automation systems (IASs) are commonly developed using the languages defined by the IEC 61131 standard and are executed on PLCs. Their software part is considered after the development and integration of mechanics and electronics. This approach narrows the solution space for software and is considered inadequate to address the complexity of today's systems. In this paper, a system-based approach for the development of IASs is adopted. A framework is described to refine the UML model of the software part, which is extracted from the SysML system model, and get the implementation code. Two implementation alternatives are considered to exploit PLCs but also the recent deluge of embedded boards in the market. For PLC targets, the new version of IEC 61131 that supports Object-Orientation is adopted, while Java is used for embedded boards. The case study was developed as a lab exercise for teaching the various technologies that address challenges in the domain of cyber-physical systems where Internet of Things (IoT ) would be the glue regarding their cyber interfaces

UML4IoT—A UML-based approach to exploit IoT in cyber-physical manufacturing systems

“…The IoT technologies that have been adopted in this work, i.e., the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) LWM2M application protocol [20] and the smart objects [21] defined by the Internet Protocol for Smart Objects (IPSO) Alliance, focus on modeling the exposed interface of simple smart objects. They are not able to address the modeling needs of complex components of manufacturing systems, which are effectively addressed using the system modeling language SysML in collaboration with UML, as for example in [22]. Cyber-physical components modeled with SysML and UML appear to have the conventional object-oriented (OO) API, which is expressed as a set of classes with their associated methods and leads to a high coupling between the components.…”

From Mechatronic Components to Industrial Automation Things: An IoT Model for Cyber-Physical Manufacturing Systems

“…The system is based on the case study initially used by Basile et al [36] and then extended by Thramboulidis [16] to be compliant with the mechatronic component concept. The smartSilo mechatronic components are reserved in couples to produce specific types of liqueurs.…”

“…In the extended IoT model, the IAT is still the key artifact for the adoption of the IoT infrastructure in the manufacturing domain. Based on this model the manufacturing system is considered as a composition of cyber-physical and cyber components along with humans [16].…”

Synergy of computers, cognition, communication and control with industrial applications

“…The synergy of CCCC supports the increasingly demanding performance specifications of these applications and helps to face special situations like unexpected condition adaptations, human interaction challenges, and goal conflicts. Practical industrial applications of the synergy of CCCC are cyber-physical systems [1][2][3][4][5], networked control systems [6][7][8][9][10], mechatronics systems [11][12][13][14][15], online quality control of production items [16][17][18][19][20], supervision and failure analysis of dynamically changing machine states [21][22][23][24], decision support systems [25][26][27][28][29], prediction and control in dynamic production processes [30][31][32], welding processes [33,34], user profiling [35,36], process monitoring [37][38][39], web based control of information management flows [40,41], and resilient control architectures [42][43][44]…”