A custom Internet of Things healthcare system

Abstract

Health is the fundamental capability humans require to perceive, feel, and act effectively, and as such, it represents a primary element in the development of the individual, but also of the environment humans belongs to. That is why it is necessary to provide adequate ways and means to ensure the appropriate healthcare delivery based on parameters monitoring and direct providing of the medical assistance. The new technologies development and implementation, especially the Internet and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) commonly known as the Internet of Things (IoT), enable global approach to the health care system infrastructure development. This leads to e-health system that, in real time manner, supplies a valuable set of information relevant to all of the stakeholders (patients, medical and paramedical stuff, and health insurance) regardless their current location. Commercial systems in this area usually do not meet the general patient needs, and those that do are usually economically unacceptable due to the high operational and development costs. In this paper, based on well-known low-cost technologies, there is a Do-It-Yourself (DIY) solution for a sustainable and adaptable patient oriented infrastructure development, presented.

Examining potential benefits and challenges associated with the Internet of Things integration in supply chains

“…IoT adoption is expected to continue to grow in; logistics (supply chains and warehousing), retailing, manufacturing, healthcare, energy and utilities, home appliances, heavy equipment, education, insurance, airlines, etc. (Gregory, 2015;Kambies et al, 2016;Lee and Lee, 2015;Maksimović et al, 2015;and Natarajan et al, 2016). Overall, IoT applications can be categorized into four major domains: Industry domain; Healthcare domain; Smart environments domain; and Personal and Social domain (Mishra et al, 2016).…”

Implementation of Fog computing in IoT-based healthcare system

“…Electronic circuit scheme of Raspberry Pi as a sensing unit for measuring vital parameters and details about delivering measurement information complying IoT ideology is presented in previous works [19,20].…”

“…2), the Raspberry Pi (RPi) is chosen as a key building element based on its performances: small, cheap, powerful, and fully customizable. RPi is a programmable small computer board, which has built-in support for a large number of input and output peripherals and network communication [19]. Some of its 26-pins GPIO (General Purpose Input and Output) port can be used as digital input/output signals and can be programmed directly on RPi through high-level programming languages (e.g.…”

“…), while others can be used as interfaces for embedded protocols for controlling a set of electronic circuit (sensors, analog to digital converters (ADC), relay, status button, etc.). Hence, the GPIO port represents the main way of connecting RPi with other electronic boards as well as the communication link with other computing devices using a variety of different protocols, including Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) and Inter-Integrated Circuit (I²C) [19,20]. To measure the patient's vital parameters, three sensors were chosen in the realization of custom IoT-based healthcare solution [20]:…”

“…The IoT-based healthcare system appears as an adequate approach to ensure the appropriate (effective and proactive) healthcare delivery based on parameters monitoring and useful medical knowledge obtained on the gathered and analyzed health-related data [9,19]. Its omnipresence in peoples' lives has resulted in the increasing number of diverse, smart medical devices and sensors, which more than ever before generate and transmit data.…”