A Current Look at the Federal Drinking Water Regulations

Pontius, Frederick W.

doi:10.1002/j.1551-8833.1992.tb07319.x

Cited by 49 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Despite the promise of removing TCE and PCE by in situ reductive dechlorination, the possibility that low levels of VC will persist may slow implementation. This is especially true because the maximum contaminant level for VC (2 J.tgIL) is lower than for any other volatile organic compound (Pontius, 1993). One possible solution to this problem is to follow anaerobic treatment with an aerobic "polishing" step, either in situ or in an above-ground treatment system.…”

Section: Trichloroethylenementioning

confidence: 99%

Use of ethylene and ethane as primary substrates for aerobic cometabolism of vinyl chloride

Freedman¹,

Herz²

1996

Water Environment Research

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A significant problem encountered with anaerobic reductive dechlorination of polychlorinated ethylenes during groundwater remediation is accumulation of vinyl chloride (VC). Even when reduction of VC proceeds to ethylene and/or ethane, low levels of VC may persist. The purpose of this study was to examine use of ethylene and ethane as primary substrates for aerobic cometabolism of VC. Both ethylene‐ and ethane‐grown enrichment cultures (developed with activated sludge inoculum) readily consumed VC. The ethylene culture exhibited an initial preference for VC over ethylene but then switched after several weeks. This culture was unable to use ethane or VC as sole substrates. Although VC inhibited ethylene use, growth on ethylene still occurred in the presence of VC. The ethane‐grown culture was able to use both VC and ethylene as sole substrates. When all three compounds were present, ethylene was consumed first, followed by VC and ethane. Thus, the presence of ethylene and/or ethane with VC may eliminate the need to add a primary substrate (for example, methane, toluene, or phenol) to sustain cometabolism of VC below the regulatory limit.

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Section: Trichloroethylenementioning

confidence: 99%

Use of ethylene and ethane as primary substrates for aerobic cometabolism of vinyl chloride

Freedman¹,

Herz²

1996

Water Environment Research

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“…Iron washed out of iron or steel pipes is most often responsible for a dyed tap water. For example, in the USA it became necessary to regulate the secondary maximum iron content in tap water at a level of 0.3 mg/dm 3 [360]. Iron is mainly washed out of the pipes into bulk water in ferriferous forms.…”

Section: Effect Of the Condition Of Distribution Systems On Drinking mentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking Water: Factors Affecting the Quality of Drinking Water

Гончарук

2014

Drinking Water

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The relative critical overview of indicators, which set norms to the drinking water and are used as background for regulatory instruments of the USA, the EU, the WHO, Ukraine and Russia, has been revealed. The analytical review of current problems in drinking water preparation technology at centralized drinking water treatment plants has been delivered. The role of natural organic compounds of natural origin in drinking water quality has been revealed. The application of different technological measures to prepare high quality drinking water has been analysed and explained. The influence of condition of water distribution system on the drinking water quality has been evaluated. It has been cited the examples of modern technological systems of drinking water treatment. A new concept of supply the population with a quality drinking water has been introduced. It is based on representation the need to consume adequate water by a person, which is genetically safe, comprises no man induced alloys, and is characterized by occurrence of such natural substances and microelements that are easiest to digest for a body from water. KeywordsThe quality of drinking water · International regulatory instruments · Centralized drinking water treatment plants · Modern water treatment technologies · Man induced alloys, natural microelements · A new concept of supply the population with a quality drinking water Ecological and Hygienic Classification of Centralized Drinking Water Supply SourcesIn the Ukraine, the goal of creating and adhering to adequate quality and safety standards for drinking water is guaranteed by law. Legal documents such as the Water Code of Ukraine [1] and the Law of Ukraine "On drinking water and drinking water supply" [2] were written to uphold this goal. Codex found in these documents details a range of specific tasks centered around ecological, sanitary, and hygienic contents namely:• A complex development of interrelated regulatory documents (standards and norms) for ensuring an ecological and sanitary-hygienic safety practice in the field of use and protection of water and water resources;

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“…5 In drinking water, iron is limited to 0.3 mg/L (5.36 M) by US-EPA in National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations. 6 Thus, it is highly desirable to develop a rapid, simple and inexpensive method for detection of iron in aqueous solution with high sensitivity and selectivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Turn-Off Fluorescent Nanosensor for Iron in Aqueous Solution Based on Fluorescent Carbon Nanoparticles

Zheng

Wei

et al. 2014

Nano LIFE

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The water-soluble°uorescent carbon nanomaterials with low toxicity and high biocompatibility are considered as promising materials for biomedical and sensor applications. Here, we report that a nanosensor system has been developed to simultaneously detect two valence states of iron (Fe 2þ and/or Fe 3þ ) in aqueous solution based on°uorescent carbon nanoparticles (FCNs). The nanosensor has high selectivity and sensitivity with a limit of detection (LOD) of 5 M, which is equivalent to 0.3 mg/L (5.36 M) of iron in drinking water by United States Environment Protection Agency (US-EPA). Furthermore, a distinguishable color change of solution, from pale yellow to red-brown, can be observed as iron concentration reaching 40 M, which provides way for fast, visible detection of irons.

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A Current Look at the Federal Drinking Water Regulations

Cited by 49 publications

References 11 publications

Use of ethylene and ethane as primary substrates for aerobic cometabolism of vinyl chloride

Use of ethylene and ethane as primary substrates for aerobic cometabolism of vinyl chloride

Drinking Water: Factors Affecting the Quality of Drinking Water

A Turn-Off Fluorescent Nanosensor for Iron in Aqueous Solution Based on Fluorescent Carbon Nanoparticles

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