A Current Approach to Halitosis and Oral Malodor- A Mini Review

Bıçak, Damla Akşit

doi:10.2174/1874210601812010322

Cited by 67 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Furthermore, Katsinoles et al had studied organoleptic and benzoyl-DL-arginine-test-α-naphthylamide (BANA) test to evaluate halitosis in subjects positive and negative Helicobacter pylori. BANA test used to detect anaerobic bacteria proteolytic, especially T. denticola, P. gingivalis, and T. forsythia [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sources of halitosis can be classified from the intraoral and extraoral. According to the study, the prevalence of intraoral halitosis is 85%, the rest of it is extraoral, such as digestive and respiratory systems [6]. Halitosis has a multifactorial etiology, but the main cause is due to poor oral hygiene and volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) gas generated by anaerobic bacteria.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treponema Denticola and Porphyromonas Gingivalis as Bioindicator Oral Hygiene Status and Organoleptic Score in Mouth Breathing Children

Aljogja

Djais²,

Theodorea

2020

Int J App Pharm

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Objective: Mouth breathing is a bad habit that has several impacts on dentocraniofacial growth and development in children. It also related to anotheroral cavity condition, such as poor oral hygiene and halitosis. Halitosis is caused by an anaerobic bacteria product such as Treponema denticola andPorphyromonas gingivalis. These bacteria are Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria that play a significant role to halitosis occurrence. The objective of thisstudy is to determine the prevalence of T. denticola and P. gingivalis as bioindicator in mouth breathing children.Methods: A total number of 60 subjects had a mouth breathing test (19 subjects diagnosed as mouth breathers and 41 subjects as nose breathers).Then, the subjects were classified into halitosis and oral hygiene status category. Identification of T. denticola and P. gingivalis in supragingival plaqueand buccal mucosa subjects was used a conventional polymerase chain reaction method.Results: The correlation between Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified and organoleptic score in mouth breathers has positive correlation (r=0.001), inthe contrary, in nose breathers, it has negative correlation (r=−0.046). Meanwhile, the prevalence of T. denticola and P. gingivalis in mouth and nosebreathers has no significant differences. Moreover, the significance value of prevalence T. denticola and P. gingivalis based on clinical parametershalitosis and oral hygiene status has no differences.Conclusion: The prevalence of T. denticola and P. gingivalis cannot be used as bioindicator in mouth breathers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treponema Denticola and Porphyromonas Gingivalis as Bioindicator Oral Hygiene Status and Organoleptic Score in Mouth Breathing Children

Aljogja

Djais²,

Theodorea

2020

Int J App Pharm

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“…[ 13,14 ] When proteins, especially those having sulfur‐containing amino acids (e.g., methionine, cysteine, and cystine) [ 15,16 ] are degraded by anaerobic bacteria, volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are generated as byproducts of metabolisms of these bacteria. [ 16,17 ] Therefore, dental caries and periodontitis are often accompanied by the local release of VSCs, such as hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), methyl mercaptan (CH 3 SH), and dimethyl sulfide (CH 3 SCH 3 ). Consequently, preliminary diagnosis of dental caries and periodontitis can be achieved by detecting the release and concentrations of VSCs at the lesion sites.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

A Transparent, Wearable Fluorescent Mouthguard for High‐Sensitive Visualization and Accurate Localization of Hidden Dental Lesion Sites

Luo

et al. 2020

Advanced Materials

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Accurate detection and early diagnosis of oral diseases such as dental caries and periodontitis, can be potentially achieved by detecting the secretion of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) in oral cavities. Current diagnostic approaches for VSCs can detect the existence and concentrations, yet are not capable of locating the dental lesion sites. Herein, the development of a unique approach for accurately locating dental lesion sites using a fluorescent mouthguard consisting of the zinc oxide–poly(dimethylsiloxane) (ZnO‐PDMS) nanocomposite to detect the local release of VSCs is reported. The ZnO‐PDMS mouthguard displays a highly sensitive and selective response to VSCs, and exhibits high fluorescent stability, good biocompatibility, and low biological toxicity in normal physiological environments. Then, the wearable ZnO‐PDMS mouthguard is demonstrated to be able to identify the precise locations of lesion sites in human subjects. Combined with image analysis, the mouthguards successfully uncover the precise locations of dental caries, allowing convenient screening of hidden dental lesion sites that are oftentimes omitted by dentists. Due to low cost, long‐term stability, and good patient compliance, the proposed wearable mouthguard is suitable for large‐scale production and enables widely applicable, preliminary yet accurate screening of dental lesions prior to dental clinics and routine physical examinations.

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“…Nowadays, oral malodor is reported to be the third most frequent reason for people seeking dental care after dental caries and periodontal problems. [1,2]. Most of the adults had been the victims of oral malodor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oral malodor is multifactorial, and it mainly originates from the oral cavity (80%-90%) of all cases [1,2,[9][10][11]. Tongue coating, poor oral hygiene, severe periodontal diseases, severe dental caries, and xerostomia are the most frequent association factors for oral malodor production [3,9,[12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Malodor Knowledge Among Myanmar Dental Students and Young Dentists

Kawaguchi¹,

Oshiro²,

Aung³

et al. 2019

JDOA

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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of Myanmar dental students and young dentists regarding the diagnosis and treatment of oral malodor. Method: Data were collected from a sample of 120 dental students from the University of Dental Medicine and 21 young dentists in Yangon, Myanmar. They were instructed to answer the structural questionnaires regarding oral malodor knowledge, including the clinical perspective. The content of the questionnaire items ranged from the etiology of oral malodor to treatment regimen. Results: Only 8.5% in the dental students’ group and 14.3% in young dentists’ group correctly answered that tongue coating is the most frequent source of oral malodor when the patients had no severe dental and periodontal problems. Nearly half of the subjects reported that Volatile Sulphur Compounds (VSCs) are related to malodor, but only 18.4% correctly answered the question related to the vulnerable condition of VSCs production. And, around 60% of the subjects didn’t know the reliable diagnostic tools for malodor and more than half of the subjects didn’t know clearly about the oral malodor classifications. Regarding the oral malodor treatment, over 90% of the subjects responded tongue cleaning is essential to reduce oral malodor and 97.2% of the subjects answered that they will provide tooth brushing instructions to oral malodor patients. But, over 70% of the subjects incorrectly recommended saline mouthwash for malodor treatment. Overall, both the dental students and young dentists had less knowledge of oral malodor and most of them responded that they need further knowledge on oral malodor diagnosis and treatment. Conclusion: This study showed that the knowledge of Myanmar dental students and young dentists on oral malodor was a scare. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that dental schools are necessary to give greater emphasis on etiology, diagnosis, and proper treatment for oral malodor.

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A Current Approach to Halitosis and Oral Malodor- A Mini Review

Cited by 67 publications

References 47 publications

Treponema Denticola and Porphyromonas Gingivalis as Bioindicator Oral Hygiene Status and Organoleptic Score in Mouth Breathing Children

Treponema Denticola and Porphyromonas Gingivalis as Bioindicator Oral Hygiene Status and Organoleptic Score in Mouth Breathing Children

A Transparent, Wearable Fluorescent Mouthguard for High‐Sensitive Visualization and Accurate Localization of Hidden Dental Lesion Sites

Oral Malodor Knowledge Among Myanmar Dental Students and Young Dentists

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