A cultural–ecological perspective on agency and offending behaviour

Strauss‐Hughes, Annalisa; Heffernan, Roxanne; Ward, Tony

doi:10.1080/13218719.2019.1644250

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…This has led to calls for the cultural remodelling of risk instruments. Several avenues have been proffered, including additional risk items, amendment (or greater specification) of risk item content, improving the cross-cultural knowledge of raters, and developing theory driven explanations for offending (Boer et al., 2004; Day et al., 2018; Hart, 2016; Schmidt et al., 2020; Shepherd & Anthony, 2017; Shepherd & Lewis-Fernandez, 2016; Shepherd & Willis-Esqueda, 2017; Strauss-Hughes et al., 2019; Tamatea, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding Colour in Conformity Part II—Reflections on Structured Professional Judgement and Cross-Cultural Risk Assessment

Shepherd

Spivak

2020

Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol

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There has been an increasing interest in cross-cultural risk assessment over the past 5 years. Much of this has been driven by concerns that particular risk instruments may be biased against, or ill-suited to, non-White offending populations. A growing body of work has asserted that unique cultural-specific risk factors and experiences may not be adequately considered within current risk assessment frameworks which have led to calls to culturally alter/remodel risk instruments. While recognising the importance of generalizable risk instruments, this article outlines a number of realities that cross-cultural risk assessment researchers must contend with before embarking on projects to alter instruments. With specific regard to structured professional judgement risk instruments, the article notes that efforts to culturally amend instruments, could paradoxically reduce accuracy and increase bias.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finding Colour in Conformity Part II—Reflections on Structured Professional Judgement and Cross-Cultural Risk Assessment

Shepherd

Spivak

2020

Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol

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“…• Dynamic risk factors entail an array of theoretical issues for example including their vague, incohesive, and composite nature (Heffernan, Wegerhoff & Ward, 2019;Ward, 2019;Ward & Beech, 2014;Ward & Fortune, 2016;Strauss-Hughes et al, 2019). The need principle of the RNR lends primary attendance to seven of the 'central eight' risk factors in correctional treatment and therefore case formulation, (seven of the eight are dynamic and therefore receptive to change, as opposed to the static 'criminal history').…”

Section: The Rnr and Enactivismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This presents issues for a system that appears punitively inclined to understand crime as a primarily individual, and not social or material, issue (Teague, 2016;Wacquant, 2009). Such individualism has indeed been noted among many elements to be constitutive of the problematic treatment of culture in correctional contexts, where an over-representation of indigenous groups is typical in neoliberal nations with colonial histories (Beck & Blumstein, 2018;Korn, 2003;Primm, Osher & Gomez, 2005;Strauss-Hughes et al, 2019;Weatherburn, Fitzegerald & Hua, 2003). In Aotearoa for example, the Māori people lived for over a millennium before being dispossessed as a result of the colonising practices of mainly British interests (King, 2003;Marie, 2010;McMullan, 2011;Strauss-Hughes et al, 2019).…”

Section: Forensic Treatment Of Agency 59mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such individualism has indeed been noted among many elements to be constitutive of the problematic treatment of culture in correctional contexts, where an over-representation of indigenous groups is typical in neoliberal nations with colonial histories (Beck & Blumstein, 2018;Korn, 2003;Primm, Osher & Gomez, 2005;Strauss-Hughes et al, 2019;Weatherburn, Fitzegerald & Hua, 2003). In Aotearoa for example, the Māori people lived for over a millennium before being dispossessed as a result of the colonising practices of mainly British interests (King, 2003;Marie, 2010;McMullan, 2011;Strauss-Hughes et al, 2019). Currently they make up approximately 15 percent of the general population, but half of the prison FORENSIC TREATMENT OF AGENCY 62 population (Strauss-Hughes et al, 2019;Mcintosh, & Workman, 2017;McMullan, 2011;Williams, 2019).…”

Section: Forensic Treatment Of Agency 59mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Aotearoa for example, the Māori people lived for over a millennium before being dispossessed as a result of the colonising practices of mainly British interests (King, 2003;Marie, 2010;McMullan, 2011;Strauss-Hughes et al, 2019). Currently they make up approximately 15 percent of the general population, but half of the prison FORENSIC TREATMENT OF AGENCY 62 population (Strauss-Hughes et al, 2019;Mcintosh, & Workman, 2017;McMullan, 2011;Williams, 2019). Given historical contexts of this kind and the structural forces they reflect, to theoretically understand and respond to crime exclusively as constituting internal issues of individuals is narrow and manifestly unjust.…”

Section: Forensic Treatment Of Agency 59mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enactivism and Correctional Science: An Analysis of Forensic Treatment of Agency in a Neoliberal Climate

O'Neill¹

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<p>In correctional practice, as primarily informed and driven by the Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) practice framework of Bonta and Andrews (2017), theoretical explanations of agency bear significance in their representation and consequent treatment of ‘criminal’ agents. Due to a state of ‘theoretical illiteracy’ however, this domain remains largely divorced from the insights offered by current affective science (Ward, 2019). The purpose of this paper is to outline key principles offered within an ‘enactive’ paradigm; a contemporary strand of cognitive science that depicts cognition as embodied, embedded and enactive, ultimately submitting a relational cognitive-affective agency, constituted of habits of bodies and minds (Maise & Hanna, 2019; Ward, Silverman & Villalobos, 2017). Enactivism offers various elements that contrast with traditional internal ‘cognitivist models’ of agency, which inform mainstream correctional practice; these include the active, affective and social nature of cognition, which as is illustrated, lends emphasis to the impact of prevalent ideologies, through institutions, upon agents (Maise & Hanna, 2019). In this project I outline current correctional treatment of agency, as it stands in contrast to insights offered by enactive accounts, and as embedded in a broader neoliberal context. Therefore I provide some critical examination of the relationship between psychological theory and neoliberal ideology, specifically focusing on principles of individualism and self-governance it is purported to cultivate. In conclusion I maintain that the RNR provides a thin representation of agency that is driven by an internal and limited perspective of functioning that precludes aspects essential to the personhood of agents including its active, affective and phenomenological nature. As embedded in a neoliberal context, I argue that this significantly limits rehabilitative practice, and reifies an abstraction of mindedness from material and social contexts. A pluralistic approach to rehabilitation is therefore necessary, including the enactive and related perspectives expounded in this piece, in order to provide explanation and therefore practice beyond entrenched normative assumptions of agency and human function.</p>

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Delinquenz kultursensibel erklären – ein theoretisches Rahmenmodell

Schmidt

Ward

2020

Forens Psychiatr Psychol Kriminol

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ZusammenfassungDie hohe kulturelle Diversität der Straffälligenpopulation bringt eine ganze Reihe an Herausforderungen für Forschung und Praxis mit sich. Diesen Herausforderungen ist mit gängigen Erklärungsmodellen von Delinquenz jedoch kaum zu begegnen. Einerseits bestehen erhebliche Zweifel an deren allgemeiner Gültigkeit im interkulturellen Kontext, weil sie fast ausschließlich für den euroamerikanischen Raum entwickelt wurden. Andererseits bauen viele der Theorien auf dem Konzept der dynamischen Risikofaktoren auf, welches vage definiert ist. Viele dieser Theorien können Delinquenz kaum erklären, weil sie die zugrunde liegenden psychologischen Mechanismen nur wenig spezifizieren. Mit dem Cultural Agency-Model of Criminal Behavior (CAMCB) schlagen die Autoren ein Rahmenmodell vor, das auf die zugrunde liegenden individuellen psychologischen Mechanismen zielgerichteten Handelns abhebt und dabei systematisch zwischen universellen Komponenten und deren kulturell und individuell gefärbten Ausprägungen differenziert. Im CAMCB wird der Einfluss der kulturellen Sozialisation nicht an eine geografische oder ethnische Herkunft gebunden, sondern an kulturelle „traits“ (z. B. interdependenter Verarbeitungsstil), welche die Verhaltensgenese allgemein beeinflussen. An einem Beispiel wird gezeigt, dass delinquentes Verhalten je nach angenommenem kulturellen Trait unterschiedlich erklärt werden kann, während sich die Situation und die Reaktion nicht unterscheiden müssen. Wesentlich sind: erstens die Identifikation der universellen Verhaltenskomponenten, zweitens die Beschreibung deren kulturell und individuell gefärbter Ausprägungen und drittens die Erklärung von Delinquenz auf der Grundlage dieses Wissens. Dieses stufenweise Vorgehen erscheint nicht nur für die kriminalpsychologische Theorieentwicklung von Bedeutung, sondern auch für die forensische Praxis, bei der für jeden Einzelfall kultursensibel eine individuelle Delinquenztheorie formuliert werden muss.

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A cultural–ecological perspective on agency and offending behaviour

Cited by 19 publications

References 57 publications

Finding Colour in Conformity Part II—Reflections on Structured Professional Judgement and Cross-Cultural Risk Assessment

Finding Colour in Conformity Part II—Reflections on Structured Professional Judgement and Cross-Cultural Risk Assessment

Enactivism and Correctional Science: An Analysis of Forensic Treatment of Agency in a Neoliberal Climate

Delinquenz kultursensibel erklären – ein theoretisches Rahmenmodell

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