A crustal–upper mantle model for southeastern Sicily (Italy) from the integration of petrologic and geophysical data

Manuella, Fabio Carmelo; Brancato, Alfonso; Carbone, Serafina; Gresta, S.

doi:10.1016/j.jog.2013.02.006

Cited by 25 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Kern et al, 1999]. Differently, Manuella et al [2013] suspect that the basement beneath southeastern Sicily is made up of a fossil oceanic crust [according to Scribano et al, 2006] of Permian-Triassic age.…”

Section: The Orogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layered lower crust and mantle reflectivity as imaged by a re-processed crustal seismic profile from Sicily in the central Mediterranean

Valenti

Catalano

Wei

et al. 2015

Bulletin De La Société Géologique De France

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Though Sicily is a key area for understanding the central Mediterranean tectonics, a number of questions on its dynamics remains open due to the lack of detailed data on the lithospheric structure.Deep reflectivity images of the African lithosphere, beneath Sicily, have been derived from the re-processing of the crustal seismic reflection stack (SI.RI.PRO. Project).Of specific interest was the imaging, beneath central-southern Sicily, of a thinned crust with a reflective, "layered" pattern for the lower crust that differs from the one, thicker and sub-transparent, of the northern-central sector. Brittle deformation in the upper crystalline crust along a low-angle normal fault and sub-horizontal sub-Moho events are the main features, spatially associated with the "layered", attenuated lower crust.Geological implications, which are related to the above-mentioned crustal characters, that allow us to suppose two combined hypotheses (the first suggesting that the crustal features derive from the effects of Permian and Mesozoic rifting cycles, the second connecting the crustal thinning to the latest Pliocene-Pleistocene volcanic activity and tectonics), are here discussed.The imaging of the Moho patterns and the crustal/sub-crustal reflectivity characteristics, here illustrated for the first time, could provide constraints for the geodynamic processes governing this area where an interaction between African and Tyrrhenian European plates occurs. Réflectivité de la croûte inférieure et du manteau imagés par le retraitement d'un profil de sismique réflexion crustale de la Sicile en Méditerranée centrale Mots-clés. -Croûte inférieure, Manteau réflectivité, Re-traitement sismiqueRésumé. -Bien que la Sicile soit une région clé pour comprendre la tectonique de la Méditerranée centrale, un certain nombre de questions sur sa dynamique restent ouvertes en raison du manque de données détaillées sur la structure de la lithosphère. Des images de réflectivité profonde de la lithosphère africaine sous la Sicile, ont été obtenues du re-traitement d'un profil de sismique réflexion de la croûte (Projet SI.RI.PRO.).L'imagerie sismique, sous la Sicile centre-sud, montre une croûte amincie, avec une partie inférieure très reflective et litée qui diffère de celle, plus épaisse et quasi-transparente, de la partie nord-centrale. Cette croûte est le prolongement nord de la lithosphère continentale africaine. La croûte supérieure est déformée de façon cassante, le long d'une faille normale à faible pendage, alors que la croûte inférieure litée et amincie est asssociée à des reflecteurs mantelliques sub-horizontaux.Ces éléments nous permettent de proposer et de discuter deux hypothèses combinées : 1) les caractéristiques de la croûte découleraient des phases de rifting du Permien et du Mésozoïque, 2) la croûte amincie résulterait de l'activité volcanique et tectonique du Pliocène terminal et du Pléistocène.Les caractéristiques de réflectivité du Moho, de la croûte et du manteau supérieur, imagés pour la première fois, pourraient fournir des con...

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Section: The Orogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layered lower crust and mantle reflectivity as imaged by a re-processed crustal seismic profile from Sicily in the central Mediterranean

Valenti

Catalano

Wei

et al. 2015

Bulletin De La Société Géologique De France

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“…Etna was emplaced about 500 ka ago is still debated (Gillot et al ., ; Branca et al ., ). Several authors have suggested that this block consists of continental crust (Catalano et al ., , ; Accaino et al ., ); on the other hand, others recently suggested that it is a remnant of old, weathered oceanic crust (Sapienza and Scribano, ; Ciliberto et al ., ; Manuella et al ., ; Barreca, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Etna was emplaced about 500 ka ago is still debated (Gillot et al, 1994;Branca et al, 2008). Several authors have suggested that this block consists of continental crust (Catalano et al, 2000(Catalano et al, , 2001Accaino et al, 2011); on the other hand, others recently suggested that it is a remnant of old, weathered oceanic crust (Sapienza and Scribano, 2000;Ciliberto et al, 2009;Manuella et al, 2013;Barreca, 2014). By performing mechanical modelling of the long-term deformation of the sedimentary substrate and combining the results with petrological and geophysical studies, we tried to address some of the unsolved questions about the crustal structure of the area, and we discuss the implication of the Pleistocene vertical movements in the area of Mt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the long‐term deformation of the sedimentary substrate of Mt. Etna volcano (Italy)

et al. 2015

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This study investigates in detail the deformation events that have affected the sedimentary successions forming the substrate of Mt. Etna volcano (Italy). Based on the geometric reconstruction of a buried sedimentary marker, we have been able to identify and quantify the effects of three different mechanisms of deformation that have affected the area in the last 600 ka. Numerical results from Finite Element Method (FEM) applied to model viscoelastic deformation suggest the occurrence of a crustal doming process originating at the mantle-crust transition (~16 km). We propose that the source of deformation is related to the diapiric uprise of hydrothermal material originating in altered ocean-like crust and its emplacement at a shallower level in the crust. This process has great relevance in the volcanic system and should be considered for the full assessment of its origin and evolution.

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“…Hyblean tuff-breccia deposits bear a xenolith suite, which represents direct evidence for the unexposed lithospheric roots of this Central Mediterranean area, consisting of the relict of the ultraslow-spreading Mesozoic Ionian-Tethys Ocean131415. Most of Hyblean xenoliths contain evidence of abyssal-type hydrothermal metasomatism, including the serpentinization of ultramafic rocks.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…These hydrocarbons were interpreted as abiotic organic compounds produced in the serpentinite basement (ref. 15) via Fischer–Tropsch-type (FT-t) reactions18:there 1 < = n < + ∞…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanodiamond Finding in the Hyblean Shallow Mantle Xenoliths

Simakov

Kouchi

Mel’nik

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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Most of Earth’s diamonds are connected with deep-seated mantle rocks; however, in recent years, μm-sized diamonds have been found in shallower metamorphic rocks, and the process of shallow-seated diamond formation has become a hotly debated topic. Nanodiamonds occur mainly in chondrite meteorites associated with organic matter and water. They can be synthesized in the stability field of graphite from organic compounds under hydrothermal conditions. Similar physicochemical conditions occur in serpentinite-hosted hydrothermal systems. Herein, we report the first finding of nanodiamonds, primarily of 6 and 10 nm, in Hyblean asphaltene-bearing serpentinite xenoliths (Sicily, Italy). The discovery was made by electron microscopy observations coupled with Raman spectroscopy analyses. The finding reveals new aspects of carbon speciation and diamond formation in shallow crustal settings. Nanodiamonds can grow during the hydrothermal alteration of ultramafic rocks, as well as during the lithogenesis of sediments bearing organic matter.

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A crustal–upper mantle model for southeastern Sicily (Italy) from the integration of petrologic and geophysical data

Cited by 25 publications

References 56 publications

Layered lower crust and mantle reflectivity as imaged by a re-processed crustal seismic profile from Sicily in the central Mediterranean

Layered lower crust and mantle reflectivity as imaged by a re-processed crustal seismic profile from Sicily in the central Mediterranean

Modelling the long‐term deformation of the sedimentary substrate of Mt. Etna volcano (Italy)

Nanodiamond Finding in the Hyblean Shallow Mantle Xenoliths

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