A cross-syndrome study of the development of holistic face recognition in children with autism, Down syndrome, and Williams syndrome

Annaz, Dagmara; Karmiloff‐Smith, Annette; Johnson, Mark H.; Thomas, Michael S. C.

doi:10.1016/j.jecp.2008.11.005

Cited by 149 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Thus, length of experience in a social milieu appears to be specifically associated with improved performance, consistent with what has been found in earlier studies (e.g., Annaz et al, 2009). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…A number of studies have reported that children with ASD show greater attention to the mouth rather than to the eye region (e.g., Annaz, Karmiloff-Smith, Johnson, & Thomas, 2009;Klin, Jones, Schultz, Volkmar, &Cohen, 2002;Riby, Doherty-Sneddon, & Bruce, 2009). Furthermore, compared to typical controls, individuals with ASD show reduced looking times to people, and to faces in particular, in both static and dynamic social scenes (e.g., Annaz, et al 2010Annaz, et al , 2012Klin, et al, 2002;Riby & Hancock, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Can children with autism read emotions from the eyes? The Eyes Test revisited

Franco¹,

Itakura²,

Pomorska³

et al. 2014

Research in Developmental Disabilities

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This study aimed to test two new, simplified tasks related to the eye-test, targeting children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and typically developing controls (TD). Test-1 assessed the recognition of emotion/mental states with displays using one word and two eyepictures, whereas Test-2 presented displays using two words and one eye-picture. Black and white photographs of children were used as materials. A cross-cultural study (Caucasian/East-Asian) with adults was initially carried out to verify generalizability across different ethnic groups. Cross-sectional trajectory analyses were used to compare emotion recognition from the eyes in the two tests. Trajectories were constructed linking performance on both tests either to chronological age or to different measures of mental age (receptive vocabulary based on the BPVS, CARS or ASQ for the ASD group). Performance improved with chronological age in both the ASD and TD groups of children. However, performance in Test-1 was significantly superior in children with ASD, who showed delayed onset and slower rate of improvement than TD children in Test-2. In both the ASD and TD groups the lowest error rate was recorded for the item 'anger', suggesting that threat-detection cue mechanisms may be intact in Autism. In general, all children showed good performance on our novel tests, thus making them good candidates for assessing younger children and those with lower general abilities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can children with autism read emotions from the eyes? The Eyes Test revisited

Franco¹,

Itakura²,

Pomorska³

et al. 2014

Research in Developmental Disabilities

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“…Therefore, children with DS could be less exposed to emotion labels, which could affect their emotional knowledge and, in consequence, also their skills for facial expression recognition (Kasari et al, 2001 Another factor that may also contribute to explaining the results found in the current study is the atypical character of face processing in both WS and DS. In WS, holistic and configural facial processing has been found to be atypical across development so that, unlike TD individuals, those with WS seem to specialize in featural processing (e.g., Annaz et al, 2009;Karmiloff-Smith et al, 2004;but see Isaac & Lincoln, 2011, for contradictory results on configural processing). The development of a featural-based strategy for face processing in individuals with WS may arise from sticky fixation and difficulties from infancy to plan rapid saccadic eye movements (Brown et al, 2003;Karmiloff-Smith, 2009).…”

Section: Further Discussion Lines Of Future Work and Limitations Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, this approach allows for developmental change to be compared across typically and atypically developing groups using cross-sectional data (Thomas, Purser, & Van Herwegen, 2012). Developmental trajectories with CA as the predictor provide a theory-neutral comparison to assess whether the disorder group deviate from the typical developmental trajectory on the experimental task (Annaz, Karmiloff-Smith, Johnson, & Thomas, 2009;Thomas et al, 2009). In turn, developmental trajectories linking performance to MA constitute a means to evaluate whether the deficits in the disorder group are in line with the developmental state of cognitive system more generally ).…”

Section: Down Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Facial emotion recognition in Williams syndrome and Down syndrome: A matching and developmental study

Martínez‐Castilla

Burt

Borgatti

et al. 2014

Child Neuropsychology

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Citation for published item:wrt¡ %nezEgstillD F nd furtD wF nd forgttiD F nd qglirdiD gF @PHISA 9pil emotion reognition in illims syndrome nd hown syndrome X mthing nd developmentl studyF9D ghild neuropsyhologyFD PI @SAF ppF TTVETWPF Further information on publisher's website: Additional information:Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. In this study both the matching and developmental trajectories approaches were used to clarify the development of facial expression recognition in Williams syndrome (WS) and Down syndrome (DS). The matching approach showed that neither individuals with WS nor DS exhibit a specific proficiency for the expression of happiness or a specific impairments for negative emotions but presented the same pattern of emotion recognition as typically developing (TD) individuals. Thus, the better performance on the recognition of positive compared to negative emotions often reported in WS and DS is not specific to these populations but represents a typical pattern. Prior studies based on the matching approach suggested that the development of facial expression recognition is delayed in WS and atypical in DS. Nevertheless, and even though performance levels were lower in DS than in WS, the developmental trajectories approach used in this study found that not only individuals with DS but also those with WS present atypical developmental trajectories. Unlike in the TD participants where developmental changes were observed along with age, in the WS and DS development was static. Thus, both individuals with WS and those with DS reach early maximum levels of facial expression recognition due to cognitive constraints.

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“…According to the neuroconstructivist theory, this finding suggests that atypical processes underlie melodic processing in WS. Interestingly, the same local Development of pitch-related music skills in WS 10 processing bias has been identified in different areas of the WS cognitive profile, such as face, spatial, and numerical processing (Annaz, Karmiloff-Smith, Johnson, & Thomas, 2009;Bellugi, Wang, & Jernigan, 1994;Van Herwegen, Ansari, Xu, & Karmiloff-Smith, 2008). This points to common processing strategies across domains (Karmiloff-Smith, 2009).…”

Section: Studies Of Musical Pitch In Williams Syndromementioning

confidence: 82%