A Cross-Sectional Survey of Neurobehavioral Effects of Chronic Solvent Exposure on Workers in a Paint Manufacturing Plant

Colvin, Mark; Myers, Jonathan E.; Nell, Victor; Rees, D.; Cronje, R. E.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-059785-7.50020-x

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Accordingly, both of the studies found exposure-related poor performance on several neurobehavioral tests, and one also found more mental symptoms among solvent-exposed workers than among controls (Ng et al, 1990). The few poorly described symptoms reported by Colvin et al (1993) were not associated with solvent exposure.…”

Section: Cross-sectional Studiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The exposure levels in the remaining two studies of paint makers (Ng et al, 1990;Colvin et al 1993) cannot be directly compared to the other studies, but both seem to have included a fair proportion of subjects sufficiently exposed to be at risk of solventrelated CNS effects. Accordingly, both of the studies found exposure-related poor performance on several neurobehavioral tests, and one also found more mental symptoms among solvent-exposed workers than among controls (Ng et al, 1990).…”

Section: Cross-sectional Studiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A South African study (Colvin et al, 1993) examined 67 workers employed for at least 5 years in a paint manufacturing plant. The mean age was approximately 47 years.…”

Section: Cross-sectional Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Epidemiological Update on Solvent Neurotoxicity

Mikkelsen

1997

Environmental Research

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Section: Cross-sectional Studiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Cross-sectional Studiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Epidemiological Update on Solvent Neurotoxicity

Mikkelsen

1997

Environmental Research

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“…Neurobehavioral dysfunction caused by occupational exposure to mixed organic solvents has been documented in many studies (Hä nninen et al, 1976;Valciukas et al, 1985, Baker et al, 1988Bleecker et al, 1991;Colvin et al, 1993). However, some studies have reported insignificant results (Cherry et al, 1985;Hooisma et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Review of previous studies on this topic indicates that tests were usually performed on blue-collar workers (Anshelm, 1982;Ng et al, 1990, Bleecker et al, 1991Colvin et al, 1993). In this study, the neurobehavioral effects on both white-collar and bluecollar workers occupationally exposed to low levels of mixed organic solvents were investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Neurobehavioral Effects of Occupational Exposure to Low-Level Organic Solvents among Taiwanese Workers in Paint Factories

Tsai

Chen

Chao

et al. 1997

Environmental Research

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Chronic neurobehavioural effects of mercury poisoning on a group of Zulu chemical workers

Powell¹

2000

Brain Injury

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Primary objective: To assess the nature and severity of reported neurobehavioural symptoms of mercury poisoning, in a group of Zulu chemical workers (n = 16), employed by a mercury processing plant, exposed to neurotoxic levels of mercury, 5 years after exposure. Research design: A group-control design was adopted, where the exposed group was matched for age, sex, race, occupational and educational background. Method/ procedures: Both groups were administered a specially selected battery of psychometric tests to measure neuropsychological functioning. Outcome and results: The exposed group had significantly impaired short term verbal and spatial memory, impaired sustained and divided attention, and impaired motor speed. They also suffered from elevated clinical levels of psychiatric symptomatology, including anxiety, depression and phobic avoidance, and neurological symptoms of tremor, weakness in the limbs, and excessive sweating. Conclusions: The exposed group suffered from varying degrees of permanent neuropsychological disability, which adversely affects their ability to work and be financially independent. Psychometric measures for monitoring cognitive symptoms are discussed. markersÐ mercury levels in the blood and urine. However, these measures only reflect recent exposure and cannot be considered a measure of accumulated mercury concentration in the brain, or previous damage to the brain.Mercury-induced neuropsychological abnormalities are very similar to those of lead and fall into three major groups [8].(1) Disturbances of the motor system, such as fine tremor of the extremities and poor psychomotor performance. Tremor often starts as hand and finger tremor and then can progress to affect the face and eyelids, and even in severe cases the head and the trunk.(2) Deterioration of intellectual capacity. This deterioration has been described as insidious in onset but progressively affecting verbal and spatial memory, speed of information processing, capabilities of logical reasoning, visuospatial ability, cognitive efficiency, attention and concentration.(3) Alteration in emotional state, such as depressive mood, irritability, fatigue, restlessness, listlessness, avoidance, irritability and social sensitivity.Collectively, these symptoms have been termed`erethism', which derives from the French and Greek word to irritate, denoting an unusual and morbid level of overactivity of the`mental powers of passion' [9]. Short-term exposure to high concentrations of mercury produces acute physical symptoms of chest tightness, breathing difficulties, coughing, inflammation of the mouth and gums, headache, fever, and diarrhoea [10]. If exposure continues over time, more chronic symptoms are likely to occur which include: kidney damage, tremor, metallic taste, inflammation of the gums, increased salivation, weakness, fatigue, insomnia, allergic skin rashes, loss of appetite and weight and impaired memory cognitive functioning and emotional and personality changes.The neuropathological effects of high dosage of mercury o...

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A Cross-Sectional Survey of Neurobehavioral Effects of Chronic Solvent Exposure on Workers in a Paint Manufacturing Plant

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Epidemiological Update on Solvent Neurotoxicity

Epidemiological Update on Solvent Neurotoxicity

Neurobehavioral Effects of Occupational Exposure to Low-Level Organic Solvents among Taiwanese Workers in Paint Factories

Chronic neurobehavioural effects of mercury poisoning on a group of Zulu chemical workers

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