A cross-sectional study on canine Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi infection in Amazonian Brazil ratifies a higher prevalence of specific IgG-antibody response than delayed-type hypersensitivity in symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs

Sílveira, Fernando Tobias; Carneiro, Liliane Almeida; Ramos, Patrícia Karla Santos; Chagas, Eugênia J.; Lima, Luciana Campos; Campos, Marliane Batista; Laurenti, Márcia Dalastra; Gomes, C. M. C.; Corbett, Carlos Eduardo Pereira

doi:10.1007/s00436-012-2989-4

Cited by 23 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…Thirty percent of the infected dogs were LST positive in the present study. This is a positivity slightly higher than that observed in mongrel dogs from other areas of endemicity in Brazil, which was approximately 22% (22,23). Our findings suggest genetic advantages in LST-positive dogs which favor an inflammatory response.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

“…An antigenic suspension was prepared from L. infantum promastigotes (MHOM/BR/72/strain46) at a concentration of 4 ϫ 10 8 parasites/ml in merthiolate solution (1:10,000) (leishmanin) (23). A volume of 100 l was intradermally injected in the abdominal region of each of 189 dogs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LST is a marker of effective cell-mediated immunity (CMI). A positive LST is often associated with subclinical infec-tion, although it has also been rarely described in sick dogs (12,(22)(23)(24). The lymphocyte proliferation assay (LPA) is usually employed to evaluate the adaptive response triggered in dogs infected by L. infantum (12,25).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genome-Wide Association Study of Cell-Mediated Response in Dogs Naturally Infected by Leishmania infantum

et al. 2016

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A genome-wide association study (GWAS) could unravel the complexity of the cell-mediated immunity (CMI) to canine leishmaniasis (CanL). Therefore, we scanned 110,165 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), aiming to identify chromosomal regions associated with the leishmanin skin test (LST), lymphocyte proliferation assay (LPA), and cytokine responses to further understand the role played by CMI in the outcome of natural Leishmania infantum infection in 189 dogs. Based on LST and LPA, four CMI profiles were identified (LST ؊ /LPA ؊ , LST ؉ /LPA ؊ , LST ؊ /LPA ؉ , and LST ؉ /LPA ؉ ), which were not associated with subclinically infected or diseased dogs. LST ؉ /LPA ؉ dogs showed increased interferon gamma (IFN-␥) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-␣) levels and mild parasitism in the lymph nodes, whereas LST ؊ /LPA ؉ dogs, in spite of increased IFN-␥, also showed increased interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor ␤ (TGF-␤) levels and the highest parasite load in lymph nodes. Low T cell proliferation under low parasite load suggested that L. infantum was not able to induce effective CMI in the early stage of infection. Altogether, genetic markers explained 87%, 16%, 15%, 11%, 0%, and 0% of phenotypic variance in TNF-␣, TGF-␤, LST, IL-10, IFN-␥, and LPA, respectively. GWAS showed that regions associated with TNF-␣ include the following genes: IL12RB1, JAK3, CCRL2, CCR2, CCR3, and CXCR6, involved in cytokine and chemokine signaling; regions associated with LST, including COMMD5 and SHARPIN, involved in regulation of NF-B signaling; and regions associated with IL-10, including LTBP1 and RASGRP3, involved in T regulatory lymphocytes differentiation. These findings pinpoint chromosomic regions related to the cell-mediated response that potentially affect the clinical complexity and the parasite replication in canine L. infantum infection.

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confidence: 49%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-Wide Association Study of Cell-Mediated Response in Dogs Naturally Infected by Leishmania infantum

et al. 2016

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“…Protective immunity has been associated with cellular immune response, manifested by delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) and a strong proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to Leishmania antigens [5,6] accompanied by interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α production. TNF-α is required for macrophage activation and the production of nitrogen-reactive species that are capable of killing intracellular amastigotes [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in macrophages inversely correlates with parasitism of lymphoid tissues in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis

et al. 2014

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BackgroundThere are only a few studies reporting the role of nitric oxide metabolites for controlling macrophage intracellular parasitism, and these are controversial. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the lymph nodes and spleen of dogs affected by visceral leishmaniasis through immunohistochemistry and to determine its correlation with tissue parasite burden and serum interferon (IFN)-γ levels. Twenty-eight dogs were selected and assigned to one of two groups, symptomatic (n = 18) and asymptomatic (n = 10), according to clinical status and laboratory evaluation. A negative control group (n = 6) from a non-endemic region for visceral leishmaniasis was included as well.ResultsParasite density (amastigotes/mm2) was similar between clinical groups in the lymph nodes (P = 0.2401) and spleen (P = 0.8869). The density of iNOS+ cells was higher in infected dogs compared to controls (P < 0.05), without a significant difference in lymph node (P = 0.3257) and spleen (P = 0.5940) densities between symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs. A positive correlation was found between the number of iNOS+ cells in lymph nodes and interferon-γ levels (r = 0.3776; P = 0.0303), and there was a negative correlation between parasites and iNOS+ cell densities both in lymph nodes (r = −0.5341; P = 0.0034) and spleen (r = −0.4669; P = 0.0329).ConclusionThe negative correlation observed between tissue parasitism and the expression of iNOS may be a reflection of NO acting on the control of parasites.

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“…O LST, também chamado de resposta de hipersensibilidade tardia (DTH), consiste em uma reação que ocorre entre 48 e 72 horas após a inoculação intradérmica de antígeno e é caracterizada por uma lesão eritemarosa e/ou nodular (ANEXO B) resultante da presença de infiltrado inflamatório crônico na derme papilar e focal na derme reticular, composto principalmente por macrófagos e linfócitos dispersos (CARDOSO et al, 1998;SACCHI et al, 2006;PINHEIRO et al, 2009). O LST é um marcador de imunidade celular efetiva frequentemente associado à infecção assintomática, entretanto, vem sendo descrita em alguns animais doentes (PINELLI et al, 1994;DOS-SANTOS et al, 2008;SILVEIRA et al, 2012 GLYNN, 1979;SKAMENE et al, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Identificação de marcadores genéticos associados às imunidades celular, humoral e aos status clínico e de infecção natural pela Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum em cães

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Por todo amor, dedicação, preparo, incentivo, confiança, pelos exemplos de honestidade, dignidade e pela valorização da busca pelo conhecimento. Vocês foram fundamentais em cada etapa dessa conquista e a razão para nunca pensar em desistir. Aos meus irmãos Manuela e Moisés, sobrinhos, primos, primas, tios e tias Por todo incentivo, amizade, pelas boas energias, pelos exemplos de união, perseverança e pela torcida para que o sucesso dessa etapa fosse alcançado. Ao companheiro Alberto Legutke Pelas demonstrações incondicionais de dedicação, bondade, apoio em momentos decisivos, paciência, companheirismo, pelas ilustrações, por nunca desanimar, pela torcida e comemoração por cada etapa superada. Minha eterna gratidão e companheirismo...

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A cross-sectional study on canine Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi infection in Amazonian Brazil ratifies a higher prevalence of specific IgG-antibody response than delayed-type hypersensitivity in symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs

Cited by 23 publications

References 41 publications

Genome-Wide Association Study of Cell-Mediated Response in Dogs Naturally Infected by Leishmania infantum

Genome-Wide Association Study of Cell-Mediated Response in Dogs Naturally Infected by Leishmania infantum

Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in macrophages inversely correlates with parasitism of lymphoid tissues in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis

<b>Identificação de marcadores genéticos associados às imunidades celular, humoral e aos status clínico e de infecção natural pela <i>Leishmania </i>(<i>Leishmania</i>) <i>infantum</i> em cães</b>

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