A cross-sectional community study of post-traumatic stress disorder and social support in Lao People's Democratic Republic

Southivong, Bouavanh; Ichikawa, Masao; Nakahara, Shinji; Southivong, Chanhpheng

doi:10.2471/blt.12.115311

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It has been theorized that social support as a resiliency resource can aid in recovery from trauma, in part mediating psychological response to rape victimization (Brewin et al, 2000; Hobfoll, 1998; Schumm, Briggs-Phillips & Hobfoll, 2006). It is suggested that social support networks provide victims of trauma with a platform to express their emotions and come to terms with what has happened and ultimately can also decrease the likelihood that victims experience negative sequelae post victimization (Southivong, Ichikawa, Nakahara & Southivong (2013). A meta-analysis on 14 separate risk factors for development of PTSD, found the lack of social support among victims of trauma to convey the strongest risk of PTSD (Brewin et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for PTSD and depression in female survivors of rape.

Mgoqi-Mbalo¹,

Zhang²,

Ntuli³

2017

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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Objective To investigate association of the socio-demographic factors, characteristics of rape and social support to the development of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder at six months after the rape. Methods A cross-sectional survey with female survivors of rape was carried out in three provinces of South Africa six months after the rape. Results One hundred female survivors s of sexual assault were interviewed. More than half (53%) were from Limpopo, (25%) from Western Cape and (22%) from KwaZulu -Natal. 87% reported high levels of PTSD and (51%) moderate to severe depression post-rape. The major risk factors for PTSD and depression were the unmarried survivors of rape and those living in KZN. The female survivors of rape in KZN province were seven times more likely to experience symptoms of depression compared to other provinces, while married/cohabiting female rape survivors were six times less likely to report symptoms of depression compared to the unmarried female rape survivors. Conclusion These findings add support to existing literature on PTSD and depression as common mental health consequence of rape and also provide evidence that survivors’ socio- demographics – marital status, employment status are significant contributors to the development of symptoms of depression and PTSD after rape. The results have research and clinical practice relevance for ensuring that PTSD and trauma treatment focuses on an in-depth understanding of the various aspects of the socio demographic factors and rape characteristics that contribute to survivors’ mental state and how these compound stress and depression symptoms over time post-rape victimization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for PTSD and depression in female survivors of rape.

Mgoqi-Mbalo¹,

Zhang²,

Ntuli³

2017

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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show abstract

“…Post-traumatic stress disorder prevalence in landmine or UXO victims was 73•0% in one study 30 and 100% in another, 29 both in Lebanon. More women presented with post-traumatic stress disorder than did men in studies in Laos 62 and Sri Lanka. 32 Comorbidity of anxiety and depression was identified in four studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Post-traumatic stress disorder was more prevalent in the group injured by landmines or UXO (10%) than in the non-injured group (4%) in one study 62 in Laos (table 3). Post-traumatic stress disorder prevalence in landmine or UXO victims was 73•0% in one study 30 and 100% in another, 29 both in Lebanon.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…13,16,[19][20][21][22]25,[28][29][30]33,36,38,41,42,46,50,51,53,55,56,58,[60][61][62]63,65 The mean ages of casualties (range 18•5 years to 38•1 years) in all included studies falls into the economically productive age range (15-64 years). 16,17,25,28,30,33,38,46,50,53,57,[55][56][57][58][59][61][62][63] This finding matches with the type of activity that the victim was doing at the time of injury and the economic effect on victims and their families. Ten studies 19,20,22,25,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…60 Four studies 17,19,22,63 reported higher case fatality ratios for children injured by landmines or UXO than for adults, whereas two 20,51 reported higher case fatality ratios for adults than for children (appendix p 8). The proportion of casualties of landmines or UXO younger than 18 years ranged from 22% to 55% across twelve studies; 13,14,16,17,20,25,28,33,46,50,53,[58][59][60]62,63,65 Landmines resulted in more amputations from the hip to the foot than did UXO (21•7% caused by landmines vs 5•5% caused by UXO in one study; 65 29•2% vs 8•1% in another 63 ), whereas UXO caused more amputations relating to the arms, upper body, and head than did landmines (27•8% caused by UXO vs 8•7% caused by landmines in one study; 65 22•1% vs 6•5% in another 63 ). Children were more likely to be injured by UXO than were adults in five studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The effect of explosive remnants of war on global public health: a systematic mixed-studies review using narrative synthesis

Frost

Boyle

Autier

et al. 2017

The Lancet Public Health

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Investigation of Health-Related Consequences of Landmine Explosions During the Past 4 Decades (1979-2016): A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study, Kurdistan, Iran

Fathollahi

Yari

Fatemi

et al. 2019

Disaster med. public health prep.

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Objectives:Landmines remain a potential public health concern in the western and southern border regions of Iran. The aim of this study was to assess the health-related consequences of landmine explosions in Kurdistan Province during the past 4 decades.Methods:This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Kurdistan Province of Iran in 2016-2017. The data gathering process was questionnaire based. Survivors, or a member of the deceased’s family, were interviewed, and 410 questionnaires were completed. Data analysis was performed by using descriptive or analytical tests in SPSS software V.22.Results:Antipersonnel landmines caused death immediately after the explosion 32.1% of the time, and 67.9% survived with various disabilities, such as blindness, deafness, and limb amputation. Sixty-three percent of the injuries were related to limb amputation, which was the most prevalent injury among survivors. The adjusted regression test revealed a significant relationship between severity of injury and variables such as living in the villages, education, and occupation (P-value < 0.05).Conclusions:Recognizing the mined areas and intensifying clearance measures are crucial for Kurdistan Province. Providing landmine awareness programs is likely to yield useful results in reducing casualties. Also, landmine survivors should have access to physical and social rehabilitation programs.

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A cross-sectional community study of post-traumatic stress disorder and social support in Lao People's Democratic Republic

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Risk factors for PTSD and depression in female survivors of rape.

Risk factors for PTSD and depression in female survivors of rape.

The effect of explosive remnants of war on global public health: a systematic mixed-studies review using narrative synthesis

Investigation of Health-Related Consequences of Landmine Explosions During the Past 4 Decades (1979-2016): A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study, Kurdistan, Iran

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