A cross-sectional and longitudinal study evaluating brain volumes, RNFL, and cognitive functions in MS patients and healthy controls

Frau, Jessica; Fenu, Giuseppe; Signori, Alessio; Coghe, Giancarlo; Lorefice, Lorena; Barracciu, Maria Antonietta; Sechi, Vincenzo; Cabras, Federico; Badas, Mauro; Marrosu, Maria Giovanna; Cocco, Eleonora

doi:10.1186/s12883-018-1065-9

Cited by 31 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“… 31 – 34 We have previously reported a lower RNFL thickness in patients with RRMS with and without a history of ON that was related to EDSS and MSSS. 28 Furthermore, a progressive thinning of RNFL has been shown in longitudinal studies of patients with MS, 35 – 37 and a recent longitudinal study of 57 patients with MS reported progressive RNFL thinning over 5 years, regardless of a history of ON. 35 Similarly, Graham et al 36 reported a reduction of the temporal RNFL in 45 patients with RRMS without ON over 3 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Progressive Loss of Corneal and Retinal Nerve Fibers in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A 2-Year Follow-up Study

Bitirgen

Akpınar

Uca

et al. 2020

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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Purpose To determine longitudinal alterations in corneal nerve fiber morphology, dendritic cell (DC) density, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness over 2 years in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods Thirty-one consecutive patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) underwent assessment of the Kurtzke Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS), corneal confocal microscopy to quantify corneal subbasal nerve morphology and DC density, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography to quantify RNFL thickness at baseline and after 2 years. Results There was a significant reduction in corneal nerve fiber area (CNFA) ( P = 0.003), nerve fiber width (CNFW) ( P = 0.005), and RNFL thickness ( P = 0.004) with an increase in EDSS ( P = 0.01) over 2 years. The change in corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD) correlated with the change in EDSS (ρ = −0.468; P = 0.008), MSSS (ρ = −0.442; P = 0.01), DC density (ρ = −0.550; P = 0.001), and RNFL (ρ = 0.472; P = 0.007). The change in corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL) correlated with the change in EDSS (ρ = −0.445; P = 0.01) and MSSS (ρ = −0.490; P = 0.005). Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in CNFL ( P < 0.001), CNFA ( P = 0.02), CNFW ( P = 0.04), corneal total branch density ( P = 0.01), and RNFL thickness ( P = 0.02) and a significant increase in DC density ( P = 0.04) in patients with worsening EDSS ( n = 15). Conclusions Corneal confocal microscopy can be used to detect progressive corneal nerve fiber loss that relates to a progression of disability in patients with RRMS. Translational Relevance Corneal confocal microscopy acts as a sensitive imaging biomarker for progressive nerve degeneration in patients with MS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Progressive Loss of Corneal and Retinal Nerve Fibers in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A 2-Year Follow-up Study

Bitirgen

Akpınar

Uca

et al. 2020

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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“…More interestingly, retinal Aβ plaques have been reported to be associated with brain pathology in AD patients, especially in the primary visual cortex [23]. In PD patients, Aβ deposits were also found in those with cognitive impairment [29]. We speculate that depositions of α-synuclein and Aβ are both involved in the pathogenesis of cognitive decline in PD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Correlations between retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and cognitive progression in Parkinson's disease: A longitudinal study

Zhang

Cao

et al. 2021

Parkinsonism & Related Disorders

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Background: Retinal abnormalities measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) have been detected in both Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cognitive impairment is not only found in AD, but 75-90% of PD patients will also develop dementia in the late stage of disease. We assessed whether baseline retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness predicted worsening of cognitive status over time and the correlation between RNFL thickness and the detailed impaired cognitive domains in PD. Methods: RNFL thickness was measured using high-definition OCT in 78 non-dementia PD patients. Clinical and cognitive assessments were performed at baseline and at 3.61 ± 0.65 years follow-up. Linear mixed-effects models were used to examine associations between RNFL thickness and the changes in cognitive test scores, after adjusting for age, sex, disease duration and education. Results: Analysis of outcomes according to baseline RNFL tertiles showed worse performance in global cognitive tests, delayed memory, and executive functions in patients with a thin RNFL. During follow-up, greater cognitive deterioration was found in thin RNFL tertile patients. Lower baseline average RNFL thickness was associated with greater annualized decline in Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Conclusion:The correlation between RNFL thickness and cognitive dysfunction suggests that OCT may be useful for predicting cognitive dysfunction in PD patients.

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“…Increased retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning in adults with Down syndrome may represent early AD-related changes. Studies in other neurodegenerative diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and cognitive decline, have also suggested that a thinner RNFL may be a preclinical observation of dementia [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal Levels of Amyloid Beta Correlate with Cerebral Levels of Amyloid Beta in Young APPswe/PS1dE9 Transgenic Mice before Onset of Alzheimer’s Disease

Mei

Yang

Zhu

et al. 2020

Behavioural Neurology

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Objectives. Retina abnormalities are related to cognitive disorders in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Retinal amyloid beta (Aβ) can be labeled by curcumin. We measured Aβ content in the cerebrum and retina of APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP) transgenic mice with early age to investigate the correlation between cerebrum and retina. Methods. APP mice and age-matched wild-type mice were investigated every month from age 2 months to 6 months to assess changes in Aβ content in the retina and cerebrum. At the beginning of each month, mice were fed a curcumin diet (50 mg/kg/day) for 7 consecutive days. The Aβ levels in the retina and cerebrum were measured by ELISAs. Correlations were identified between retinal and cerebral Aβ contents using Pearson’s correlation. Results. In the absence of curcumin, there was a significant correlation between Aβ contents in the retina and cerebrum of APP mice (r=0.7291, P=0.0014). With increasing age, Aβ-mediated degenerative change in the cerebrum (P<0.001 in 5 months) and retina (P<0.01 in 5 months) increased significantly. The inhibitory effect of curcumin on the Aβ level was significant in the cerebrum (P<0.001) and retina (P<0.01) of older APP mice in the early stage of life. Conclusion. We observed a significant correlation between the Aβ content in the retina and Aβ content in the cerebrum of APP mice. Our data suggest an appropriate time to measure retinal Aβ. Although curcumin can label Aβ in the retina, it also suppresses Aβ levels and weakens the degree of correlation between Aβ in cerebrum and retina tissues.

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A cross-sectional and longitudinal study evaluating brain volumes, RNFL, and cognitive functions in MS patients and healthy controls

Cited by 31 publications

References 27 publications

Progressive Loss of Corneal and Retinal Nerve Fibers in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A 2-Year Follow-up Study

Progressive Loss of Corneal and Retinal Nerve Fibers in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A 2-Year Follow-up Study

Correlations between retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and cognitive progression in Parkinson's disease: A longitudinal study

Retinal Levels of Amyloid Beta Correlate with Cerebral Levels of Amyloid Beta in Young APPswe/PS1dE9 Transgenic Mice before Onset of Alzheimer’s Disease

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