A Cross‐Cultural Comparison of Worldviews: American and Fijian Counseling Students

Abstract

The Scale to Assess World Views was administered to 104 Fijians and to 109 Americans who were all enrolled in counseling programs in their respective countries. Fijians and Americans were compared in order to determine whether the worldviews of counseling students in these two countries were different. Differences were found between the Fijian and American counseling students on the Human Relationships category and the Time Orientation Category. The Fijian Counseling students scored higher than the Americans on the Lineal‐Hierarchical and Collateral‐Mutual subscales of the Human Relationships Category and higher than the Americans on the Past and Future subscales of the Time Orientation Category.

Analysis of the Temporal Orientation of the Supervisors of the Specialization of Physical Education in Baghdad

“…Perhaps the existence of man in the world means his existence in time. It shows us as a movement emanating from the bowels of the past and passing through the present on its way to the future, that our life plans that we implement today imply the needs of tomorrow, as the past, present and future as interacting forces with each other are imprinted on the existence of the sense of time is not always practiced, of course, by people, but a certain amount of effort Active activity is necessary for the successful integration of the past, present and future (Berkow, 1994). After the past (the dominance of the past), events include sorrows and delights, because the past is a time that has passed away from people's lives, it does not return on the one hand and is prone to forgetting on the other hand, the past is associated with goodness, youth and love sometimes or vice versa, each present is an extension of the past and is a precursor of the future, and the past may dominate the present until it is almost (suffocates), as there are people who are subject to the influences of their past and constantly feed their present with memories of the past so that it is he who guides them, (Lam, 1976).…”