A critical review on the biochar production techniques, characterization, stability and applications for circular bioeconomy

Yaashikaa, P.R.; Kumar, P. Senthil; Varjani, Sunita; Saravanan, A.

doi:10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00570

Cited by 444 publications

(294 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…Either this type of decomposition reaction is irreversible (decomposition of starch, protein) or reversible (ammonium chloride decomposition, calcium carbonate). The advantages of this method include ease of use, less time taking, cheap price and large-scale manufacturing [ 84 ].…”

Section: Synthesis Of Carbon Dotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Methods for the Synthesis of Carbon Dots and Their Emerging Applications

et al. 2021

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Cutting-edge technologies are making inroads into new areas and this remarkable progress has been successfully influenced by the tiny level engineering of carbon dots technology, their synthesis advancement and impressive applications in the field of allied sciences. The advances of science and its conjugation with interdisciplinary fields emerged in carbon dots making, their controlled characterization and applications into faster, cheaper as well as more reliable products in various scientific domains. Thus, a new era in nanotechnology has developed into carbon dots technology. The understanding of the generation process, control on making processes and selected applications of carbon dots such as energy storage, environmental monitoring, catalysis, contaminates detections and complex environmental forensics, drug delivery, drug targeting and other biomedical applications, etc., are among the most promising applications of carbon dots and thus it is a prominent area of research today. In this regard, various types of carbon dot nanomaterials such as oxides, their composites and conjugations, etc., have been garnering significant attention due to their remarkable potential in this prominent area of energy, the environment and technology. Thus, the present paper highlights the role and importance of carbon dots, recent advancements in their synthesis methods, properties and emerging applications.

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Section: Synthesis Of Carbon Dotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Methods for the Synthesis of Carbon Dots and Their Emerging Applications

et al. 2021

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“…The strong sorption of organic pollutants on the carbonaceous materials could reduce their microbial degradation leading to high residues of the pollutants in the soil (Ding et al, 2020). Some studies also illustrated that BC showed the potential toxicity to microbes induced by the organic compounds on the BC (Zhu et al, 2017;Yaashikaa et al, 2020). These might be the potential possibilities for the PAHs and PAEs in CKBC and CKBM higher than those in CKN.…”

Section: Figure 2 | Tn and Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Effects of Microplastics and Biochar on the Removal of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Phthalate Esters and Its Potential Microbial Ecological Mechanism

et al. 2021

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Microplastics (MPs) have been attracting wide attention. Biochar (BC) application could improve the soil quality in the contaminated soil. Currently, most studies focused on the effect of MPs or BC on the soil properties and microbial community, while they neglected the combined effects. This study investigated the combined effects of BC or ball-milled BC (BM) and polyethylene plastic fragments (PEPFs) and degradable plastic fragments (DPFs) on the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phthalate esters (PAEs) from the PAH-contaminated soil and the potential microbial ecological mechanisms. The results showed that BC or BM combined with PEPF could accelerate the removal of PAHs and PAEs. PEPF combined with BM had the most significant effect on the removal of PAHs. Our results indicating two potential possible reasons contribute to increasing the removal of organic pollutants: (1) the high sorption rate on the PEPF and BC and (2) the increased PAH-degrader or PAE-degrader abundance for the removal of organic pollutants.

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“…Biochar is commonly produced from pyrolysis of animal manures, crop residues, grasses and weeds, wood biomass, sewage sludge and municipal solid waste at a temperature ranging from 200 to 800 • C [161,162]. The unique physico-chemical and sorptive properties of biochar, such as large surface area, high porosity, dominance of negatively charged surface functional groups, high cation exchange capacity and long-term stability [163], make it highly recommended as an amendment for contaminated soils. Biochar amendments can immobilize positive Pb cations through electrostatic attraction, precipitation as Pb-phosphate, surface complexation, and increasing soil pH [24,87,90,94,95].…”

Section: Agro-food By-products and Wastes As Soil Amendments Of Biolomentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Trends in Sustainable Remediation of Pb-Contaminated Shooting Range Soils: Rethinking Waste Management within a Circular Economy

Gómez-Sagasti

Anza²,

Hidalgo³

et al. 2021

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Soil metal contamination in recreational shooting ranges represents a widespread environmental problem. Lead (Pb) is the primary component of traditional ammunition, followed by metalloids such as antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As). Lead-based bullets and pellets deposited on the soil surface are subject to steady weathering; hence, metal(loid)s are released and accumulated in the underlying soil, with potential adverse consequences for ecosystem function and human health. Amongst the currently available environmentally-safe technologies for the remediation of metal-contaminated soils, chemical immobilization is recognized as the most practical and cost-effective one. This technology often uses inorganic and organic amendments to reduce metal mobility, bioavailability and toxicity (environmental benefits). Likewise, amendments may also promote and speed up the re-establishment of vegetation on metal-affected soils, thus facilitating the conversion of abandoned shooting ranges into public green spaces (social benefit). In line with this, the circular economy paradigm calls for a more sustainable waste management, for instance, by recycling and reusing by-products and wastes in an attempt to reduce the demand for raw materials (economic benefit). The objective of this manuscript is to present a state-of-the-art review of the different industrial and agro-food by-products and wastes used for the remediation of metal-contaminated shooting range soils.

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A critical review on the biochar production techniques, characterization, stability and applications for circular bioeconomy

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 444 publications

References 143 publications

Advances in the Methods for the Synthesis of Carbon Dots and Their Emerging Applications

Advances in the Methods for the Synthesis of Carbon Dots and Their Emerging Applications

Combined Effects of Microplastics and Biochar on the Removal of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Phthalate Esters and Its Potential Microbial Ecological Mechanism

Recent Trends in Sustainable Remediation of Pb-Contaminated Shooting Range Soils: Rethinking Waste Management within a Circular Economy

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