A Critical Review on DC Microgrids Voltage Control and Power Management

Abstract

Direct current (DC) microgrids are becoming increasingly important due to a number of causes, including the widespread use of DC loads, the integration of solar photovoltaic (PV) and energy storage devices (ESDs), and the absence of frequency and reactive power control issues. The control of DC bus voltage, power management, effective power split among the ESDs, and state of charge (SoC) restorations are important in a DC microgrid. However, DC bus voltage control and power management are difficult since the microgrids connect several distributed generators (DGs), loads, utility grids, and ESDs to the DC bus using power electronic converters. It is imperative to properly control the DC bus voltage and manage power among the sources and loads in order to maintain the stability and reliability of DC microgrids. DC microgrids can be controlled by employing centralized, decentralized, distributed, multi-level, and hierarchical control systems to ensure safe and secure operation. Besides, advanced control techniques, such as nonlinear, robust, model predictive, artificial intelligence, and many others, are employed. This article critically reviews two main aspects of DC microgrids: voltage control and power management. The challenges and opportunities for voltage control and power management in DC

An improved decentralized control strategy for a PV hybrid energy storage system in an LVDC microgrid

“…In recent years, the DC microgrid has been successfully applied in communication systems, ship systems, and green building fields. Compared to the AC microgrid, the DC microgrid has the following advantages: no problems of reactive power and phase synchronization, fewer power conversion stages, and higher device power density (Al-Ismail, 2024). To efficiently utilize the microgrid, the overall control strategy is a very important research topic.…”