A Critical Review of the Database Acquired for the Long-Term Surveillance of the Middle Atmosphere by the French Rayleigh Lidars

Keckhut, Philippe; Hauchecorne, Alain; Chanin, Marie-Lise

doi:10.1175/1520-0426(1993)010<0850:acrotd>2.0.co;2

Cited by 101 publications

(87 citation statements)

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“…Usually lidar acquisitions are made 3-4 times per week. A brief overview of the instrument is given here; details can be found elsewhere (Keckhut et al, 1993;Hauchecorne et al, 1992;Sherlock et al, 1999). This lidar uses a doubled Nd-YAG laser which emits a light pulse of ∼ 10 ns at 532 nm.…”

Section: Ohp Ground-based Lidarmentioning

confidence: 99%

A decadal cirrus clouds climatology from ground-based and spaceborne lidars above the south of France (43.9° N–5.7° E)

et al. 2013

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This study provides an analysis of cirrus cloud properties at midlatitude in the southern part of France from ground-based and spaceborne lidars. A climatology of cirrus cloud properties and their evolution over more than 12 yr is presented and compared to other mid-latitude climatological studies. Cirrus clouds occur ~37% of the total observation time and remain quasi-constant across seasons with a variation within ~5% around the mean occurrence. Similar results are obtained from CALIOP and the ground-based lidar, with a mean difference in occurrence of ~5% between both instruments. From the ground-based lidar data, a slight decrease in occurrence of ~3% per decade is observed but found statistically insignificant. Based on a clustering analysis of cirrus cloud parameters, three distinct classes have been identified and investigations concerning their origin are discussed. Properties of these different classes are analysed, showing that thin cirrus in the upper troposphere represent ~50% of cloud cover detected in summer and fall, decreasing by 15–20% for other seasons

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Section: Ohp Ground-based Lidarmentioning

confidence: 99%

A decadal cirrus clouds climatology from ground-based and spaceborne lidars above the south of France (43.9° N–5.7° E)

et al. 2013

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“…A Rayleigh-Mie-Raman lidar, part of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Change (NDACC, http:// www.ndsc.ncep.noaa.gov/) which operates in clear-sky conditions. It has been running since 1979, measuring temperature in the 30-90 km altitude range [Keckhut et al, 1993]. The long-term highquality measurements of this network allow monitoring trends in the MA dynamics and composition [Angot et al, 2012].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of co‐located independent ground‐based middle atmospheric wind and temperature measurements with numerical weather prediction models

et al. 2015

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High-resolution, ground-based and independent observations including co-located wind radiometer, lidar stations, and infrasound instruments are used to evaluate the accuracy of general circulation models and data-constrained assimilation systems in the middle atmosphere at northern hemisphere midlatitudes. Systematic comparisons between observations, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) operational analyses including the recent Integrated Forecast System cycles 38r1 and 38r2, the NASA's Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) reanalyses, and the free-running climate Max Planck Institute-Earth System Model-Low Resolution (MPI-ESM-LR) are carried out in both temporal and spectral domains. We find that ECMWF and MERRA are broadly consistent with lidar and wind radiometer measurements up to~40 km. For both temperature and horizontal wind components, deviations increase with altitude as the assimilated observations become sparser. Between 40 and 60 km altitude, the standard deviation of the mean difference exceeds 5 K for the temperature and 20 m/s for the zonal wind. The largest deviations are observed in winter when the variability from large-scale planetary waves dominates. Between lidar data and MPI-ESM-LR, there is an overall agreement in spectral amplitude down to 15-20 days. At shorter time scales, the variability is lacking in the model by~10 dB. Infrasound observations indicate a general good agreement with ECWMF wind and temperature products. As such, this study demonstrates the potential of the infrastructure of the Atmospheric Dynamics Research Infrastructure in Europe project that integrates various measurements and provides a quantitative understanding of stratosphere-troposphere dynamical coupling for numerical weather prediction applications.

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“…This technique cannot be used after major volcanic eruptions like the Pinatubo in June 1991. It had been successfully tested before, in 1988-1989 at OHP [2], using the same LIDAR as for the Rayleigh scattering but with a wavelength of reception corresponding to the N2 vibrational line (607 nm for an emission at 532 nm). It had been possible to obtain temperature profiles between 10 and 25 km which compared with simultaneous radiosonde profiles with an adequate accuracy.…”

Section: Long-term Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lidars provide a good vertical resolution and continuity of measurements. Currently the temperature is measured by Rayleigh lidar at NDACC ground stations but only above 30 km due to the presence of aerosols below this altitude [1] [2]. There is currently no space lidar in flight or in project measuring the temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An innovative rotational Raman lidar to measure the temperature profile from the surface to 30 km altitude

Hauchecorne

Keckhut

Mariscal

et al. 2016

EPJ Web of Conferences

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A concept of innovative rotational Raman lidar with daylight measurement capability is proposed to measure the vertical profile of temperature from the ground to the middle stratosphere. The optical filtering is made using a Fabry-Pérot Interferometer with line spacing equal to the line spacing of the Raman spectrum. The detection is made using a linear PMT array operated in photon counting mode. We plan to build a prototype and to test it at the Haute-Provence Observatory lidar facility. to achieve a time resolution permitting the observation of small-scale atmospheric processes playing a role in the troposphere-stratosphere interaction as gravity waves. If successful, this project will open the possibility to consider a Raman space lidar for the global observation of atmospheric temperature profiles.

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A Critical Review of the Database Acquired for the Long-Term Surveillance of the Middle Atmosphere by the French Rayleigh Lidars

Cited by 101 publications

References 0 publications

A decadal cirrus clouds climatology from ground-based and spaceborne lidars above the south of France (43.9° N–5.7° E)

A decadal cirrus clouds climatology from ground-based and spaceborne lidars above the south of France (43.9° N–5.7° E)

Comparison of co‐located independent ground‐based middle atmospheric wind and temperature measurements with numerical weather prediction models

An innovative rotational Raman lidar to measure the temperature profile from the surface to 30 km altitude

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