A critical review of the symbiotic relationship between constructed wetland and microbial fuel cell for enhancing pollutant removal and energy generation

Water treatment and reclamation by implementing electrochemical systems with constructed wetlands

“…CW-MFC systems are relevant to explore the behavior of electroactive communities in a real scenario, favor organics removal, and produce electric energy to some extent. However, they generate particularly low power per surface or volume ( 30 W m À3 ) [93]. An interesting feature is that the bioelectrochemical current generated by MFCs strongly depends on the level of organics, which provides an opportunity for sensing BOD in real-time [94].…”

Performance enhancement of constructed wetlands for wastewater remediation by modifications and integration of technologies: A review

“…Persistent emerging pollutants along with the requirement of high organic and suspended solids loading rates cannot be efficiently treated by the application of CW 36–38 . The solution to the problem is coupling and integrating CW with other treatment processes which complement it in taking care of pollutant load, such as algae ponds, photocatalytic oxidation processes, anaerobic bio‐filter, etc, as some of the novel methods for improving the comprehensive treatment of contaminants 39,40 . These integrated systems have been successful in treating specific pollutants and also energy recovery in some cases making them a lucrative green process for wastewater remediation 41–44 …”

“…[36][37][38] The solution to the problem is coupling and integrating CW with other treatment processes which complement it in taking care of pollutant load, such as algae ponds, photocatalytic oxidation processes, anaerobic bio-filter, etc, as some of the novel methods for improving the comprehensive treatment of contaminants. 39,40 These integrated systems have been successful in treating specific pollutants and also energy recovery in some cases making them a lucrative green process for wastewater remediation. [41][42][43][44] To assess the research and development in the area related to CW performance, the Scopus database was used to retrieve the journal articles using the keywords "Constructed wetlands" OR "artificial wetland" OR "treatment wetland" OR "engineered wetland" and "wastewater treatment" and "performance," for the duration 2000 to June 2021.…”