A critical review of marine mammal governance and protection in Indonesia

Sahri, Achmad; Mustika, Putu Liza Kusuma; Dewanto, Hadi Yoga; Murk, Albertinka J.

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2020.103893

Cited by 33 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The potential adverse impact of these human activities on cetaceans can be addressed by setting and enforcing stricter rules such as only applying cetacean-friendly fishing gear, restricting vessel speeds and developing responsible ecotourism. The WNP Authority has set rules on fishing gear that is allowed to be used within the WNP (WNP Authority, 2008), however no such a "code of conduct" is available yet for whale and dolphin watching tourism, even under the national legislation (Sahri et al, 2020a).…”

Section: Implications For Marine Park Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Cost-Effective Surveys From Platforms of Opportunity to Assess Cetacean Occurrence Patterns for Marine Park Management in the Heart of the Coral Triangle

et al. 2020

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Section: Implications For Marine Park Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Cost-Effective Surveys From Platforms of Opportunity to Assess Cetacean Occurrence Patterns for Marine Park Management in the Heart of the Coral Triangle

et al. 2020

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“…The dugong is a long-lived marine mammal with a low reproductive rate, and populations are threatened throughout their natural range ( Adulyanukosol, Ellen & Potchana, 2010 ; Burgess, Lanyon & Keeley, 2012 ; Marsh, 1995 ). In particular, the incidence of stranding and deaths has dramatically increased, with deleterious effects on dugong population sustainability around the world ( Marsh & Sobtzick, 2019 ; Sahri, Mustika & Murk, 2020 ). Being able to determine the age of individual dugongs, living or carcass, is important to understanding basic species biology, and also how factors in the environment affect survival and age-related changes in health, reproduction and welfare.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age relationships with telomere length, body weight and body length in wild dugong (Dugong dugon)

Cherdsukjai

Buddhachat

Brown

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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The ability to estimate age and determine the growth status of free-ranging dugongs (Dugong dugon) is vital to providing insight into the basic biology of this endangered species. Currently, age estimation in dugong carcasses relies on counting dentin growth layer groups (GLGs) in tusks, but a disadvantage is they need to be intact. We explored whether measures of telomere length could be used as an alternative approach to age estimation in dugongs given that in other species, telomere length and age are inversely related. In this study, relative telomere length (rTL) was measured by qPCR in skin samples from 24 dugongs of varying ages determined by counts of GLGs. In addition, relationships between age by GLG counts and body weight and length and were examined. Our findings indicate that age estimated by GLGs was negatively correlated with telomere length using the logistic formula with a rate of telomere attrition of approximately 0.036 rTL/year between the ages of 5–20 years. By comparison, both body weight and length were positively correlated with GLG-based age, with growth rates of ~8.8 kg/year for weight and ~3.58 cm/year for length, respectively. After that, growth rates slowed substantially and then plateaued. The results suggest that physical maturity in dugongs occurs at 20 years of age and that measures of rTL might serve as a tool for age estimation in dugongs, living and deceased.

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“…The information on spatial gaps in protection coverage is useful to assess effectiveness of existing MPAs for conserving biodiversity in the region. To our knowledge, no studies so far have investigated whether Indonesian MPAs are adequately protecting marine mammals, which is the ambition of the Indonesian government (Sahri et al, 2020). The different extent of species habitats makes the delineation of MPAs a challenge.…”

Section: Overlapping Suitable Habitats and Conservation Management Armentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seismic survey is also one major contributor of anthropogenic ocean noise (Elliott et al, 2019;Farmer et al, 2018) that cetaceans are exposed to, in addition to the noise produced by marine shipping. Although some cetacean suitable habitats overlap with oil-gas concession areas, Indonesia has no regulation on underwater noise such as from seismic activities (Sahri et al, 2020). Oil spills from exploration and production activity have been reported to cause massive pollution to the marine environment (Eckle et al, 2012;Farmer et al, 2018).…”

Section: Overlapping Suitable Habitats and Conservation Management Armentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cetacean habitat modelling to inform conservation management, marine spatial planning, and as a basis for anthropogenic threat mitigation in Indonesia

Sahri

Putra²,

Mustika

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Indonesia harbours a high diversity of cetaceans, yet effective conservation is hampered by a lack of knowledge about cetacean spatial distribution and habitat preferences. This study aims to address this knowledge gap at an adequate resolution to support national cetacean conservation and management planning. Maximum Entropy (Maxent) modelling was used to map the distribution of 15 selected cetacean species in seven areas within Indonesian waters using recent cetacean presence datasets as well as environmental predictors (topographic and oceanographic variables). We then combined the individual species suitable habitat maps and overlaid them with provincial marine spatial planning (MSP) jurisdictions, marine protected areas (MPAs), oil and gas contract areas, and marine traffic density. Our results reflect a great heterogeneity in distribution among species and within species among different locations. This heterogeneity reflects an interrelated influence of topographic variables and oceanographic processes on the distribution of cetacean species. Bathymetry, distance to- coast and -200m isobaths, and Chl and SST were important variables influencing distribution of most species in many regions. Areas rich in species were mainly related to high coastal or insular-reef complexity, representing high productivity and upwelling-modified waters. Although some important suitable habitats currently fall within MPAs, other areas are not and overlap with oil and gas exploration activities and marine traffic, indicating potentially high risk areas for cetaceans. The results of this study can support national cetacean conservation and management planning, and be used to reduce or avoid adverse anthropogenic threats. We advise considering currently unprotected suitable cetacean habitats in MPA and MSP development.

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A critical review of marine mammal governance and protection in Indonesia

Cited by 33 publications

References 25 publications

Using Cost-Effective Surveys From Platforms of Opportunity to Assess Cetacean Occurrence Patterns for Marine Park Management in the Heart of the Coral Triangle

Using Cost-Effective Surveys From Platforms of Opportunity to Assess Cetacean Occurrence Patterns for Marine Park Management in the Heart of the Coral Triangle

Age relationships with telomere length, body weight and body length in wild dugong (Dugong dugon)

Cetacean habitat modelling to inform conservation management, marine spatial planning, and as a basis for anthropogenic threat mitigation in Indonesia

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