A critical review of battery cell balancing techniques, optimal design, converter topologies, and performance evaluation for optimizing storage system in electric vehicles

Khan, Neha; Ooi, Chia Ai; Alturki, Abdulrahman; Amir, Mohammad; Shreasth,; Alharbi, Talal

doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2024.04.041

Energy Reports

2024

DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2024.04.041

|View full text |Cite|

A critical review of battery cell balancing techniques, optimal design, converter topologies, and performance evaluation for optimizing storage system in electric vehicles

Neha Khan,

Chia Ai Ooi,

Abdulrahman Alturki

et al.

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...

Citation Types

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Year Published

2024

Publication Types

Select...

Article5

Relationship

Self Cite0

Independent5

Authors

Journals

Cited by 5 publications

References 172 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

A novel active cell balancing topology for serially connected Li-ion cells in the battery pack for electric vehicle applications

Khan,

Ooi,

Shreasth

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In a Battery Management System (BMS), cell balancing plays an essential role in mitigating inconsistencies of state of charge (SoCs) in lithium-ion (Li-ion) cells in a battery stack. If the cells are not properly balanced, the weakest Li-ion cell will always be the one limiting the usable capacity of battery pack. Different cell balancing strategies have been proposed to balance the non-uniform SoC of cells in serially connected string. However, balancing efficiency and slow SoC convergence remain key issues in cell balancing methods. Aiming to alleviate these challenges, in this paper, a hybrid duty cycle balancing (H-DCB) technique is proposed, which combines the duty cycle balancing (DCB) and cell-to-pack (CTP) balancing methods. The integration of an H-bridge circuit is introduced to bypass the selected cells and enhance the controlling as well as monitoring of individual cell. Subsequently, a DC–DC converter is utilized to perform CTP balancing in the H-DCB topology, efficiently transferring energy from the selected cell to/from the battery pack, resulting in a reduction in balancing time. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, the battery pack of 96 series-connected cells evenly distributed in ten modules is designed in MATLAB/Simulink software for both charging and discharging operation, and the results show that the proposed H-DCB method has a faster equalization speed 6.0 h as compared to the conventional DCB method 9.2 h during charging phase. Additionally, a pack of four Li-ion cells connected in series is used in the experiment setup for the validation of the proposed H-DCB method during discharging operation. The results of the hardware experiment indicate that the SoC convergence is achieved at ~ 400 s.

show abstract

A novel active cell balancing topology for serially connected Li-ion cells in the battery pack for electric vehicle applications

Khan,

Ooi,

Shreasth

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Electro-Chemical Energy Conversion and Storage Systems - Analytical Review

Nagpal,

Reddy,

Aswini

et al. 2024

E3S Web of Conf.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study emphasises how crucial it is to implement clean energy technology, especially electro-chemical systems, in order to reduce the emission of green-house and fulfil the world's growing energy needs. The study highlights the significance of sustainable resources such as wind and solar electricity. It also examines the difficulties associated with their intermittent nature and proposes changes to consumer behaviour and power producing practices. It talks about current research on candidate materials at the fundamental level and emphasises the crucial role customised materials play in electro-chemical systems. The paper explores the several uses of electro-chemical energy technology, explaining the classifications and operation of fuel cells, batteries, and capacitors, among other devices. The paper concludes by arguing that further advancements in materials and technology are essential to securing a reliable and efficient energy supply in the future.

show abstract

A Novel Reinforcement Learning Balance Control Strategy for Electric Vehicle Energy Storage Battery Pack

Tang,

Yang,

Feng

2024

International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Energy imbalance in electric vehicle energy storage battery packs poses a challenge due to design and usage variations. Traditional balancing control algorithms struggle to cope with large-scale battery data and complex nonlinear relationship modeling, which jeopardizes the stability of energy storage systems. To overcome this issue, we propose a reinforcement learning (RL)-based strategy for battery pack balancing control. Our approach begins with adaptive battery pack modeling followed by the employment of an active balancing control strategy to determine the duration of the balancing charge state and rank the balancing strength of individual battery pack cells. Subsequently, a RL network is employed to learn dynamic parameters that capture battery pack variations, enabling subsequent automatic learning and prediction of effective balancing strategies while simultaneously selecting the optimal control policy. Our simulation experiments demonstrate that our approach ensures an orderly charge and discharge process of battery pack cells, achieving an impressive balance efficiency of 91% when compared to other similar balancing control methods. Furthermore, the optimization of RL methods results in significant improvements in battery pack energy efficiency, stability, and operational costs. Notably, our method also outperforms other similar control methods in terms of energy utilization rates, establishing its superiority in this category.

show abstract

scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.

Contact Info

hi@scite.ai

10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614

Henderson, NV 89052, USA

Blog Terms and Conditions API Terms Privacy Policy Contact Cookie Preferences Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information

Made with 💙 for researchers

Part of the Research Solutions Family.

A critical review of battery cell balancing techniques, optimal design, converter topologies, and performance evaluation for optimizing storage system in electric vehicles

Cited by 5 publications

References 172 publications

A novel active cell balancing topology for serially connected Li-ion cells in the battery pack for electric vehicle applications

A novel active cell balancing topology for serially connected Li-ion cells in the battery pack for electric vehicle applications

Electro-Chemical Energy Conversion and Storage Systems - Analytical Review

A Novel Reinforcement Learning Balance Control Strategy for Electric Vehicle Energy Storage Battery Pack

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About