“…Designed for this project, the DDF obtained background information related to age, socioeconomic factors (education, homelessness status, income level, disability status); family environment (relationship status, history of past year IPV, child gender/age); and medical/psychiatric problems and treatment, all of which have been shown to be associated with parenting stress and were used as covariates in all analyses (McConnell, Brietkreuz, & Savage, 2011; Mitchell et al, 2006; Reitman, Currier, & Stickle, 2002; Taylor, Washington, Artinian, & Lichtenberg, 2007). …”