A critical assessment of multifunctional polymers with regard to their potential use in structural applications

Polydoropoulou, Panagiota; Katsiropoulos, Ch.V.; Pantelakis, Spiros; Raimondo, Marialuigia; Guadagno, Liberata

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.08.092

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Many relevant achievements have been described in the literature in this direction [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. Many functions can be conferred to aeronautical composites by proper use of nanotechnology, for example by embedding nanostructured materials with exceptional properties, like carbon nanotubes (CNTs), in aeronautical grade epoxy resins before or during the manufacturing processes [11,12,13,14,15,16]. The introduction of secondary nanoscale reinforcements (e.g., graphene, carbon nanotubes or nanoclay distributed in polymer matrix or fiber sizing) into the fiber-reinforced composites may contribute to further improvements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Current Map and Bulk Conductivity of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Nanocomposites

et al. 2019

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A suitably modified resin film infusion (RFI) process was used for manufacturing carbon fiber-reinforced composites (CFRCs) impregnated with a resin containing nanocages of glycidyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (GPOSS) for enhancing flame resistance and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to contrast the electrical insulating properties of the epoxy resin. The effects of the different numbers (7, 14 and 24) of the plies on the equivalent direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) electrical conductivity were evaluated. All the manufactured panels manifest very high values in electrical conductivity. Besides, for the first time, CFRC strings were analyzed by tunneling atomic force microscopy (TUNA) technique. The electrical current maps highlight electrically conductive three-dimensional networks incorporated in the resin through the plies of the panels. The highest equivalent bulk conductivity is shown by the seven-ply panel characterized by the parallel (σ//0°) in-plane conductivity of 16.19 kS/m. Electrical tests also evidence that the presence of GPOSS preserves the AC electrical stability of the panels.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Current Map and Bulk Conductivity of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Nanocomposites

et al. 2019

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“…The use of hybrid yarns also allows the homogeneous dispersion of other functional fillers, such as sensors, dyes, or conductive particles, which can be integrated in the matrix filaments or inserted as an additional filament type [10][11][12][13]. This is especially interesting for the development of multifunctional composites, in which the combination of different fillers results in a unique set of properties, tailored to simultaneously sustain stimuli of different nature and perform various tasks at the same time [14,15]. An interesting feature that can be added to a structural composite is the thermal energy storage (TES) ability, defined as the capacity of temporarily storing heat that can be released where and when needed, thereby filling the thermal energy demand-supply gap [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melt-spun polypropylene filaments containing paraffin microcapsules for multifunctional hybrid yarns and smart thermoregulating thermoplastic composites

Fredi¹,

Bruenig²,

Vogel³

et al. 2019

Express Polym. Lett.

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The present work focuses on the development of polypropylene (PP) filaments containing paraffin microcapsules (MC), aimed at being incorporated in hybrid yarns to produce multifunctional thermoplastic laminates for thermal energy storage (TES). Benchmark experiments carried out on a small-scale melt compounder and piston-type melt spinning device resulted in the successful production of single filaments containing up to 30 wt% of MC, with diameters of 70-140 µm depending on the collection speed and a surface roughness that increases with the MC content. An increase in the MC fraction also determines a rise in the complex viscosity, but this effect is less evident at higher shear rates and likely almost negligible at the deformation rates typical of the spinning process. Although the MC have a considerable thermal stability, the compounded mixtures reported a sensible mass loss in isothermal thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) tests, which is linked to a not negligible MC damage during the compounding. Nevertheless, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) on the spun filaments evidenced an increase in the phase change enthalpy with the MC content up to approx. 48 J/g, which is remarkably higher than that of similar systems reported in the literature. The elastic modulus and the properties at break decrease with an increase in the MC content, but the fiber strength is acceptable to produce a hybrid yarn and a thermoplastic laminate up to a MC fraction of 20 wt%.

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“…Nanocomposites are derived from nanoparticle-filled polymer matrices, including rigid polymers, colloidal distributions, zeolites, precipitated silica, and bead-like silica. 44 Layered filled PNCs are categorized into flocculated, exfoliated, and intercalated nanocomposites. 44 Intercalated nanocomposites are materials in which the polymer chains have been inserted into structures, which are layered, and occur in ordered crystallographic pattern with a continuous nanometric dimension.…”

Section: Self-healing Polymer Nanocomposite Interfacial Morphologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…44 Layered filled PNCs are categorized into flocculated, exfoliated, and intercalated nanocomposites. 44 Intercalated nanocomposites are materials in which the polymer chains have been inserted into structures, which are layered, and occur in ordered crystallographic pattern with a continuous nanometric dimension. 45 –47…”

Section: Self-healing Polymer Nanocomposite Interfacial Morphologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel trends in self-healable polymer nanocomposites

Idumah

2019

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials

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Polymer composites for structural applications are prone to damage emanating from cracks which are formed within the material, where detection is not easy and repairing almost not feasible. Material cracking results in mechanical deterioration of polymer composites for microelectronic components, which can result in electrical failure. Microcracking occurring as a result of thermally and mechanically induced fatigue is challenging for effective polymer performance. Self-healing composites are materials exhibiting capability of automatically recovering when damaged. They derive their inspiration through biological systems similar to the human skin, which exhibit a natural tendency to undergo healing by themselves. Stretchability is a factor enabling electronic devices to properly align to irregular 3-D structures, such as soft and movable parts. Stretchable electronics offers materials with the ability to conform to soft and nonplanar composites while enabling movement of biological tissues. Therefore, this article elucidates very recently emerging advancements on self-healing composites, stretchable composites, and sensors. Future market disposition and application of self-healing composites are also presented.

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A critical assessment of multifunctional polymers with regard to their potential use in structural applications

Cited by 15 publications

References 37 publications

Electrical Current Map and Bulk Conductivity of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Nanocomposites

Electrical Current Map and Bulk Conductivity of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Nanocomposites

Melt-spun polypropylene filaments containing paraffin microcapsules for multifunctional hybrid yarns and smart thermoregulating thermoplastic composites

Novel trends in self-healable polymer nanocomposites

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