A critical analysis of the impact of water on the South African campaign in German South West Africa, 1914-1915

Kleynhans, Evert

doi:10.17159/2309-8392/2016/v61n2a2

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Invasive G. a nis populations have also been reported in the Limpopo River basin (Zengeya et al, 2013) and Wilge River (Lombard, et al, 2018). Sampling of 700 freshwater sites, as a part of the River Health Programme, reports abundant G. a nis populations in the Sesmyl Spruit, and their presence in the Apies, Olifants, Komati, and Vaal rivers (Kleynhans, 2008). Further River Health Programme samples between 2015 and 2016 sampled small G. a nis populations in the River Amatikulu and River Mvoti, and dominant populations at a northern Buffalo River site and coastal uThonghati River site (Evans et al, 2022).…”

Section: South Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Western Cape, G. a nis was recorded in the Berg River in 2004, distributed between the Sout tributary up to its con uence with the Kompanjies River (Clark et al, 2009). River Health Programme sampling identi ed abundant G. a nis populations in the Doukou, Breede, Berg, Lourens Rivers and their presence in Duiwenhoeks and Gouritz rivers (Kleynhans, 2008). Specimens have been reported in the Noetsie estuary as well (Smith, et al, 2018).…”

Section: South Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recent increase in on freshwater species compositions in Africa has improved understanding of the geographical distribution of poeciliids (Kleynhans, 2008 Furthermore, previous ecological research in Africa is biased towards agship charismatic species, which are not representative of overall health of freshwater ecosystems (Darwall et al, 2011).…”

Section: Data Limitations and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic review of poecilid fish invasions in Africa

Cairns,

de Bragança,

South

2024

Preprint

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Background. This review compiles and synthesises the existing information concerning non-native poecillid introductions to Africa. The recent upsurge in research on invasive poeciliids has revealed their widespread occurrence in Africa. Results. Within the 87 relevant articles, 74% reported on the presence Gambusia spp., 33% on P. reticulata, 19% on X. hellerii, 11% on X. maculatus, and 5% on other ornamental poeciliids. Overall, poeciliids have been introduced to 25 different countries in Africa, with Gambusia spp. being introduced to 16 countries and P. reticulata to 19 countries. Our results are representative of the current state of research on invasive poecilids in Africa. In particular there was a concentration of studies in South Africa, with limited research elsewhere. Current distribution data is relatively patchy, although widespread surveys of multiple river systems in Morocco and South Africa, confirmed widespread and abundant established poeciliid populations. The ecological impacts of invasive poeciliids in Africa remain understudied but evidence indicates deleterious effects on native fish, invertebrates, and amphibians, many of which are critically endangered or endemic species. Conclusion. An increased effort to monitor species composition in vulnerable waterbodies, especially in the many African countries where invasive poeciliids are reported should be completed and to reveal further established populations. Future research should prioritise quantifying the ecological impacts of invasive poeciliids in the field and identifying both vulnerable and resistant native ecosystems to guide future management decisions.

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Section: South Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: South Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Limitations and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic review of poecilid fish invasions in Africa

Cairns,

de Bragança,

South

2024

Preprint

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“…55 Botha described GSWA as "a natural fortress". 56 The Germans placed the railway system strategically to transport troops from the coast to inland positions at a rapid pace.…”

Section: Overview Of the German South West African Campaignmentioning

confidence: 99%