A Critical Analysis of Conditionalities in the Generalized System of Preferences

Kishore, Pallavi

doi:10.1017/cyl.2017.8

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…2 In general, conditionality is defined as granting benefits to a country subject to the beneficiary meeting certain conditions (Kishore, 2017), or as a mechanism to bring about policy reforms or impose policies that the beneficiary country would not voluntarily choose (Morrissey, 2005).…”

Section: Introduction *mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Pursuit of Non-Trade Policy Objectives in EU Trade Policy

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The European Union (EU) often conditions preferential access to its market on compliance with Non-Trade Policy Objectives (NTPOs), including human rights and labor and environmental standards. In this paper, we first systematically document the coverage of NTPOs across the main tools of EU trade policy: its (association and non-association) trade agreements and Generalized System of Preferences (GSP) programs. We then discuss the extent to which the EU can use these tools as a ‘carrot-and-stick’ mechanism to promote NTPOs in trading partners. We argue that, within trade agreements, the EU has limited scope to extend or restrict tariff preferences to ‘reward good behavior’ or ‘punish bad behavior’ on NTPOs, partly because multilateral rules require members to eliminate tariffs on substantially all trade. By contrast, GSP preferences are granted on a unilateral basis, and can thus more easily be extended or limited, depending on compliance with NTPOs. Our analysis also suggests that the commercial interests of the EU inhibit the full pursuit of NTPOs in its trade agreements and GSP programs.

show abstract

Section: Introduction *mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 The WTO legality of the GSP+ program is a widely debated topic in the international law literature. For an overview of the legal issues concerning the GSP+ see Bartels (2003Bartels ( , 2007, Jayasinghe (2015), Kishore (2017). 27 The security issues in GSP+ relate to corruption and illicit drugs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pursuit of Non-Trade Policy Objectives in EU Trade Policy

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One such tool is the Generalized System of Preferences Plus (GSP+), which seeks to leverage access to the internal market for robust commitments on human rights, labour rights, environmental protection and good governance. The EU has been slowly increasing the number of countries participating in GSP+ and improving enforcement (Kishore, 2017). However, since its purpose is to strengthen rights and freedoms related to liberal democracy, the illiberal turn may jeopardize its expansion and credibility, though we do not have evidence that this has happened already.…”

Section: Illiberalism and Liberal Superpowermentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The EU has been slowly increasing the number of countries participating in GSP+ and improving enforcement (Kishore, 2017). One such tool is the Generalized System of Preferences Plus (GSP+), which seeks to leverage access to the internal market for robust commitments on human rights, labour rights, environmental protection and good governance.…”

Section: Illiberalism and Liberal Superpowermentioning

confidence: 99%

Liberal Intergovernmentalism, Illiberalism and the Potential Superpower of the European Union

Meunier

Vachudová

2018

J of Common Market Studies

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Andrew Moravcsik has long argued that the EU is the world's second superpower, albeit a quiet and overlooked one. This article explores how the EU behaves as a global power, and how the illiberal turn may diminish it. We present Moravcsik's four core claims about the EU as the second superpower using the lens of Liberal Intergovernmentalism. We argue that the EU is more a potential than an actual superpower because its considerable hard and soft resources are not always converted into global influence. We focus on two challenges to this power conversion, which we illustrate in the areas of trade and enlargement: first, the uneven transfer of competences to the EU level and, second, the presence of illiberal regimes in the EU, which makes it more difficult to agree on common policies and tools anchored in democratic values.

show abstract

“…The gradual expansion of NTPOs across the 25 Appellate Body Report, European Communities-Conditions for the Granting of Tariff Preferences to Developing Countries, WT/DS246/AB/R, adopted 20 April 2004, DSR 2004 The WTO legality of the GSP+ program is a widely debated topic in the international law literature. For an overview of the legal issues concerning the GSP+ see Bartels (2003Bartels ( , 2007, Jayasinghe (2015), Kishore (2017). 27 The security issues in GSP+ relate to corruption and illicit drugs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pursuit of Non-Trade Policy Objectives in EU Trade Policy

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The European Union (EU) often conditions preferential access to its market upon compliance by its trading partners with Non-Trade Policy Objectives (NTPOs), including human rights and labor and environmental standards. We systematically document the coverage of NTPOs in EU trade agreements and in its Generalized System of Preferences (GSP). We then examine the extent to which trade agreements and GSP programs can be used to promote NTPOs. Preferential trade agreements are negotiated under multilateral rules, which require members to eliminate all tariffs reciprocally. As a result, once a trade agreement enters into force, the EU cannot easily restrict or extend access to its market so as to "punish bad behavior" or "reward good behavior" on NTPOs by its trading partners. By contrast, GSP preferences are granted on a unilateral basis, so they can be limited or extended, depending on compliance with NTPOs. EU GSP programs can thus provide a carrot-and-stick mechanism to promote NTPOs in partner countries.

show abstract

A Critical Analysis of Conditionalities in the Generalized System of Preferences

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

The Pursuit of Non-Trade Policy Objectives in EU Trade Policy

The Pursuit of Non-Trade Policy Objectives in EU Trade Policy

Liberal Intergovernmentalism, Illiberalism and the Potential Superpower of the European Union

The Pursuit of Non-Trade Policy Objectives in EU Trade Policy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About