A Credo for Wellness

Wellness: Its Impact on Student Grades and Implications for Business

“…Physical wellness incorporates all aspects of lifestyle choices and the physical self. Exercise, sleep, diet, personal hygiene, and the use of drugs or alcohol, among others, are all lifestyle choices that affect a person's physical self (Eberst, 1984;Hettler, 1984;Lafferty, 1979).…”

“…Spiritual wellness often leads to greater personal growth, more responsibility, and stronger relationships with others, all characteristics desired in students and employees (Gunther, 2002). To massage one's spiritual wellness, time and energy could be devoted to attending religious gatherings, taking showers (for pensive alone time), jogging, gardening, engaging in meditation, practicing yoga, or reading thought-provoking books on contemporary topics that require value judgments (Chandler et al, 1992;Lafferty, 1979). The deeper the understanding of spiritual wellness or energy, and development of spiritual purpose, the higher the level of an individual's own wellness (de Klerk, 2005;Gunther, 2002;Pink, 2006).…”

Wellness: A Review of Theory and Measurement for Counselors

“…Other wellness models included the factors described by Depken (1994), Lafferty (1979), and Greenberg (1985) but incorporated additional dimensions (Adams et al, 1997;Hettler, 1980;Renger et al, 2000). Hettler's (1980) wellness model comprised six dimensions: social, spiritual, physical, intellectual, emotional, and occupational.…”

“…Fourth, several models define wellness as the movement toward higher levels of wellness or optimal functioning (Ardell, 1977;Clark, 1996;Dunn, 1977;Greenberg, 1985;Hettler, 1980) and that wellness is, therefore, partially dependent on self-responsibility (Dunn, 1977;Krivoski & Piccolo, 1980;Leafgren, 1990) and one's motivation (Ardell, 1977;Clark, 1996;Dunn, 1977;Hettler, 1980). Finally, wellness is viewed as being a continuum, not as an end state (Clark, 1996;Dunn, 1977;Lafferty, 1979;Lorion, 2000;Sarason, 2000;Sechrist, 1979;Teague, 1987). Beyond the nature of the construct, several common dimensions of wellness have been described.…”

The Conceptualization and Measurement of Perceived Wellness: Integrating Balance across and within Dimensions

“…3,4,29--~1 The multidimensionality of wellness is supported by several authors. 3,4,21,22,24,25,[33][34][35] To best describe and predict individual wellness, models should include several dimensions which are operationalized and interpreted consistent with the systems approach. Specifically, the wellness magnitude within each dimension and the balance among them should be simultaneously considered) In addition, valid wellness model should either include cultural, organizational and environmental factors, or be connectable to models that include these factors.28.…”