A cost-effective training tool for flexor tendon repair: Pig's trotters

Wright, T.C.; Widdowson, Daniel; Khan, Muhammad Adil Abbas; Tiernan, E.; Hormbrey, E

doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2005.06.004

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Similarly, porcine forelimb models more Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery • August 2012 closely mimic in vivo tendon sheath and pulleys but are not validated either. 41,42 More recently, Ingraham et al suggested synthetic bait worms as a potential simulator of flexor tendons for teaching purposes. 43 In this study, subjects demonstrated improved scores in a global rating scale after guided repetition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming the Learning Curve

Bari

Woon

Pridgen

2012

Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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The authors created a practical educational model to teach zone II flexor tendon repair outside of the time- and error-sensitive confines of the operating room. Analysis of resident pretutorial repairs revealed common misconceptions in suture technique, strand count, and purchase. This may in part be attributable to the multitude of suggested repair techniques, difficulty in comparing data across multiple studies, and steep learning curve. Training programs can use this hands-on teaching exercise as part of a hand surgery simulation curriculum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming the Learning Curve

Bari

Woon

Pridgen

2012

Plastic &Amp; Reconstructive Surgery

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“… 23 Porcine forelimbs have also been used for practicing flexor tendon repairs due to similarities in their digital flexor tendon system with that of humans. 24 , 25 Despite the translatable anatomic representation of animal models for hand surgery, they are costly, often limited to one use, and require proper disposal. Therefore, newer, high-fidelity synthetic models have been proposed for their low-cost and multiuse qualities.…”

Section: Simulation In Hand Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Simulation in Plastic Surgery Training

Agrawal

Turner

Grome

et al. 2020

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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The nationwide focus on patient safety and the health of residents has increased the demand for educational tools outside the operating room. Simulation is a valuable tool for assessing and developing surgical skills in a controlled and safe environment. The use of simulation as a formal component of training has been increasing in various surgical subspecialties. In general surgery, simulation examinations such as the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery and Fundamentals of Endoscopic Surgery have become a prerequisite to board certification. Although formal simulation examinations in plastic surgery are not universal, there has been an increase in the use of simulation to increase resident competency in the operating room. For now, we will review the current state of simulation in craniofacial, hand, microvascular, and esthetic surgery and discuss applications for the future. We will also discuss the evolving role of artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and augmented reality in plastic surgery training and testing.

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“…Primate cadaveric tendons are the most representative, both anatomically and physiologically, 11) but similar barriers, namely cost, availability and ethics preclude their widespread use. Porcine deep flexor tendons are the most commonly used substitutes, [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] perhaps followed by the sheep tendon model. 15,[19][20][21][22][23] These animal tendons are easy to obtain and have a comparable size to human flexor digitorum profundus tendons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Models for Tendon Repair Experiments: A Comparison of Pig, Sheep and Human Deep Flexor Tendons in Zone II

Peltz

Hoffman

Scougall

et al. 2017

J Hand Surg Asian-Pac Vol

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Background: This laboratory study compared pig, sheep and human deep flexor tendons in regards to their biomechanical comparability. Methods: To investigate the relevant biomechanical properties for tendon repair experiments, the tendons resistance to cheese-wiring (suture drag/splitting) was assessed. Cheese-wiring of a suture through a tendon is an essential factor for repair gapping and failure in a tendon repair. Results: Biomechanical testing showed that forces required to pulling a uniform suture loop through sheep or pig tendons in Zone II were higher than in human tendons. At time point zero of testing these differences did not reach statistical significance, but differences became more pronounced when forces were measured beyond initial cheese-wiring (2 mm, 5 mm and 10 mm). The stronger resistance to cheese-wiring was more pronounced in the pig tendons. Also regarding size and histology, sheep tendons were more comparable to human tendons than pig tendons. Conclusions: Differences in tendon bio-properties should be kept in mind when comparing and interpreting the results of laboratory tendon experiments.

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A cost-effective training tool for flexor tendon repair: Pig's trotters

Cited by 18 publications

References 3 publications

Overcoming the Learning Curve

Overcoming the Learning Curve

Use of Simulation in Plastic Surgery Training

Animal Models for Tendon Repair Experiments: A Comparison of Pig, Sheep and Human Deep Flexor Tendons in Zone II

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