A cost-effective plan for global testing - an infection rate stratified, algorithm guided, multiple-level, continuously pooled testing strategy

Gu, Tianshu; Yao, Lan; Meng, Xia; Graff, J. Carolyn; Thomason, Donald B.; Li, Jing; Dong, Wei; Ji, Yan; Aleya, Lotfi; Maida, Marcello; Wang, Cong Yi; Zangerl, Barbara; Genini, Sem; Ray, Kunal; Goldman, Emanuel; Ji, Jiafu; Alexandrov, Andrei V.; Sun, Dianjun; Gu, Weikuan; Wang, Yongjun

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144251

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Litvak et al [ 72 ] conducted a second pooled test after reordering and recombining the samples in the negative pools. For the sequential pooled test, some researchers allocated a part of the samples to 2 subpools to improve accuracy [ 73 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Screening Strategies for COVID-19: Scoping Review

Liu,

Yin,

Ward

et al. 2024

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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Background COVID-19 screening is an effective nonpharmaceutical intervention for identifying infected individuals and interrupting viral transmission. However, questions have been raised regarding its effectiveness in controlling the spread of novel variants and its high socioeconomic costs. Therefore, the optimization of COVID-19 screening strategies has attracted great attention. Objective This review aims to summarize the evidence and provide a reference basis for the optimization of screening strategies for the prevention and control of COVID-19. Methods We applied a methodological framework for scoping reviews and the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist. We conducted a scoping review of the present publications on the optimization of COVID-19 screening strategies. We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and Elsevier ScienceDirect databases for publications up to December 31, 2022. English publications related to screening and testing strategies for COVID-19 were included. A data-charting form, jointly developed by 2 reviewers, was used for data extraction according to the optimization directions of the screening strategies. Results A total of 2770 unique publications were retrieved from the database search, and 95 abstracts were retained for full-text review. There were 62 studies included in the final review. We summarized the results in 4 major aspects: the screening population (people at various risk conditions such as different regions and occupations; 12/62, 19%), the timing of screening (when the target population is tested before travel or during an outbreak; 12/62, 19%), the frequency of screening (appropriate frequencies for outbreak prevention, outbreak response, or community transmission control; 6/62, 10%), and the screening and detection procedure (the choice of individual or pooled detection and optimization of the pooling approach; 35/62, 56%). Conclusions This review reveals gaps in the optimization of COVID-19 screening strategies and suggests that a number of factors such as prevalence, screening accuracy, effective allocation of resources, and feasibility of strategies should be carefully considered in the development of future screening strategies.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Screening Strategies for COVID-19: Scoping Review

Liu,

Yin,

Ward

et al. 2024

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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“…Aggregating data from regional and national sources, we conclude that the official statistics in Wuhan are less than the actual transmission scale of the epidemic, and this finding can be generalized to some countries where the heavy burden of disease has lasted for several months. Implementing mandatory health policies that emphasize social distancing, pooled testing, and wearing masks offers a promise to fight against the pandemic until vaccinations and herd immunity become effective [ 1 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite advances in microbiology and molecular diagnostics, the timely identification of a new infectious disease such as COVID-19, its transmission pattern, the hazard to humans, and case fatality rate, remains challenging [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Investigators and clinicians in Wuhan quickly identified the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and disseminated their findings to the global community but determining the exact date of onset in Wuhan and the dates of initial arrival to other cities has been problematic [ 1 ]. Moreover, before mass testing programs were initiated, researchers could determine the exact counts of COVID-19 cases in Wuhan during the first quarter of the pandemic [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since COVID-19 attacked the world, the term “turning point” appears frequently in the news, reports, and publications. From the perspective of epidemiology, the “turning point” means when an infectious disease reaches a point beyond any local ability to control it from spreading more widely [ 1 ]. In general, the cases and deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic are expected to decrease after their turning points in a country or region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Graphical Trajectory Comparison to Identify Errors in Data of COVID-19: A Cross-Country Analysis

Yao

Dong

Wan

et al. 2021

JPM

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Data from the early stage of a novel infectious disease outbreak provide vital information in risk assessment, prediction, and precise disease management. Since the first reported case of COVID-19, the pattern of the novel coronavirus transmission in Wuhan has become the interest of researchers in epidemiology and public health. To thoroughly map the mechanism of viral spreading, we used the patterns of data at the early onset of COVID-19 from seven countries to estimate the time lag between peak days of cases and deaths. This study compared these data with those of Wuhan and estimated the natural history of disease across the infected population and the time lag. The findings suggest that comparative analyses of data from different regions and countries reveal the differences between peaks of cases and deaths caused by COVID-19 and the incomplete and underestimated cases in Wuhan. Different countries may show different patterns of cases peak days, deaths peak days, and peak periods. Error in the early COVID-19 statistics in Brazil was identified. This study provides sound evidence for policymakers to understand the local circumstances in diagnosing the health of a population and propose precise and timely public health interventions to control and prevent infectious diseases.

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“…The major costs are (1) the expenses of isolating the high-risk age group, (2) the illness among the remaining population and the potentially small number of deaths, and (3) the medical and social resources for dealing with the pandemic in the remaining population. The benefits are (1) the populations at risk are efficiently protected; (2) the level of population immunity is reached; (3) economic activities are nearly unaffected, as most sick populations do not or are less likely to participate in economic activities; (4) the costs for large-scale population screening and disinfection measures are saved (Gu et al 2021); and (5) last and most importantly, the pandemic will end, at least for a time before other infectious diseases or new variants occur.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An alternative approach—combination of lockdown and open in fighting COVID-19 pandemics

Yao

Aleya

Goldman

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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As the COVID-19 pandemic enters its third year and the omicron variant becomes dominant, we propose an alternative strategy for dealing with COVID-19, called hybrid lockdown, that is, the combination of lockdown (the centralized and organized lockdown of the high-risk population) and free mobility (normal mobility) of the low-risk population. Such an approach will enable a country or region, especially with a high population density, to achieve significant prevention and control the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic at the least cost.

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A cost-effective plan for global testing - an infection rate stratified, algorithm guided, multiple-level, continuously pooled testing strategy

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Optimization of Screening Strategies for COVID-19: Scoping Review

Optimization of Screening Strategies for COVID-19: Scoping Review

Graphical Trajectory Comparison to Identify Errors in Data of COVID-19: A Cross-Country Analysis

An alternative approach—combination of lockdown and open in fighting COVID-19 pandemics

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