A corrugated mesoscale structure on electrode–electrolyte interface for enhancing cell performance in anode-supported SOFC

Konno, Akio; Saito, Motohiro; Yoshida, Hideo

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.04.051

Cited by 48 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…No electrochemical reaction occurs within the dense electrolyte phase. The electrochemical model, developed in the next section, mathematically describes the transport and conversion of current within the electrode and the electrolyte according to the following assumptions based upon well-established behaviors from the literature: r steady-state conditions; r uniform temperature; 22,26 r no mixed ionic-electronic conduction in each solid phase. In addition, the electronic conductivity of the electron-conducting phase is neglected, being several orders of magnitude larger than the ionic conductivity of the electrolyte phase (i.e., σ e >> σ O ); 22,34,35 r the charge-transfer reaction occurs at the percolating TPBs distributed within the composite electrode volume.…”

Section: Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such a modification can be regarded as the mesoscale structural control of electrode microstructure, where the term mesoscale here refers to a dimension larger than the typical constituent particle size (<1 μm) but smaller than the characteristic length of the cell, that is, falling in the order of 5-100 μm. 26 Ideally, 3D printing offers the opportunity to controllably manufacture pillars of any shape, with the desired geometric and spacing requirements, in order to provide a preferential pathway for ionic conduction. 22,25 It is important to note that this mesoscale modification differs from the corrugation of the electrolyte, 16,27 such as in the mono-block-layer built (MOLB) design, 26,28 where any enhancement in power density is due to the increase in the geometric electrode-electrolyte interfacial area per unit of planar projected area.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Guidelines for the Rational Design and Engineering of 3D Manufactured Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Composite Electrodes

Bertei

Tariq

Yufit

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The growth of 3D printing has opened the scope for designing microstructures for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with improved power density and lifetime. This technique can introduce structural modifications at a scale larger than particle size but smaller than cell size, such as by inserting electrolyte pillars of ∼5-100 μm. This study sets the minimum requirements for the rational design of 3D printed electrodes based on an electrochemical model and analytical solutions for functional layers with negligible electronic resistance and no mixed conduction. Results show that this structural modification enhances the power density when the ratio k eff between effective conductivity and bulk conductivity of the ionic phase is smaller than 0.5. The maximum performance improvement is predicted as a function of k eff . A design study on a wide range of pillar shapes indicates that improvements are achieved by any structural modification which provides ionic conduction up to a characteristic thickness ∼10-40 μm without removing active volume at the electrolyte interface. The best performance is reached for thin (<∼2 μm) and long (>∼80 μm) pillars when the composite electrode is optimised for maximum three-phase boundary density, pointing toward the design of scaffolds with well-defined geometry and fractal structures. Many studies in the literature have recognised the importance of the electrode microstructure in affecting the power density and the lifetime of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs).1-7 Significant enhancements in power density have been achieved through the statistical control of the microstructural properties by tuning porosity, 8,9 volume fractions, 2,8,10 particle size 11-13 and even tortuosity of the phases.14 However, nowadays the design of the electrode microstructure can be optimised with unprecedented precision through the advent of 3D printing and additive manufacturing techniques. 15-17Additive manufacturing allows for the development of electrodes with 3D architectures, thus going beyond what conventional fabrication techniques, such as tape casting and screen printing, can produce. The exploitation of 3D additive manufacturing has been successfully applied by the battery community [18][19][20] and the implementation of this approach to SOFCs is currently under investigation.15,21 One of the most promising applications consists of the insertion of ionconducting pillars connected to the electrolyte 15,[22][23][24][25] as reported in Figure 1. Such a modification can be regarded as the mesoscale structural control of electrode microstructure, where the term mesoscale here refers to a dimension larger than the typical constituent particle size (<1 μm) but smaller than the characteristic length of the cell, that is, falling in the order of 5-100 μm.26 Ideally, 3D printing offers the opportunity to controllably manufacture pillars of any shape, with the desired geometric and spacing requirements, in order to provide a preferential pathway for ionic conduction. 22,25 It is important to note that this mesos...

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Section: Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for the Rational Design and Engineering of 3D Manufactured Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Composite Electrodes

Bertei

Tariq

Yufit

et al. 2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…by H. Iwai [1][2][3] . Today, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) sheet with thickness of under 100 μm is widely used for the electrolyte.…”

Section: Sofc (Solid Oxide Fuel Cells) Is a Kind Of Fuel Cells Sofc Hasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Corrugated Ceramic Sheet for SOFC Electrolyte by Micro Imprint Process

Tsumori

Tokumaru

Kudo

et al. 2016

J. Jpn. Soc. Powder Powder Metallurgy

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Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) has been used for an electrolyte of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). To enhance the efficiency of SOFC, we developed a corrugated, or wavy-shaped, YSZ sheet for the electrolyte. As the corrugated sheet has larger surface area than a flat-type sheet, higher energy density can be obtained. We have proposed micro powder imprint (μPI) with multi-layer imprint process to fabricate micro scale pattern on the both surfaces of a thin YSZ sheet. The μPI is a combined process of nano imprint lithography and powder metallurgy; the resolution is high, and the process is mass-productive. In this work, we selected a compound material containing YSZ powder and a binder consisting of thermoplastic resin as a starting material. The compound sheet was prepared by tape casting from slurry and was imprinted by a fine-patterned mold with stacked on a silicone rubber sheet. The silicone rubber was so flexible that micro patterns on the both sides of the compound sheet was obtained after imprint. In the present work, the process condition of μPI and the heat program of debinding and sintering were also considered. As a result, a wave-type sintered YSZ sheet without significant defects was successfully obtained.

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“…The micro powder imprinting method has been proposed to enable micro patterning on the surface of ceramic sheets. Micro patterned ceramic sheets can effectively improve the performance of solid oxide fuel cells [14][15][16][17] . This method combines powder metallurgy (P/M) process and nanoimprinting lithography [18][19][20][21][22] , which is an approach to transfer fine patterns to plastic polymer materials by using patterned moulds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavy Micro Channels in Micropatterned Ceramic Sheet Formed by Combined Process of Laser Beam Machining and Imprinting

Tsumori

Hunt

Kudo

et al. 2016

J. Jpn. Soc. Powder Powder Metallurgy

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Micro channels made of polymers are commonly used for MEMS and μTAS (micro-total analysis system) devices. In this research, we developed a process for fabricating a ceramic sheet with micro channels. The developed process is based on powder metallurgy process. A compound material, a mixture of ceramic powder and polymer, was prepared as sheet material. We employed laser machining to machine the sacrificial layer to form micro channels inside the sheet. We also employed imprinting, which is a process of pressing with a mould while heating, to form a structure with surface patterns and micro channels curving along with it. After the imprinted sheet was debound and sintered by heating, a ceramic sheet with micro-surface patterns and micro channels was obtained. As ceramics have high heat durability and low chemical reactivity, ceramic micro channels can be used for flow sensors or chemical reaction testers operated in harsh environments, such as high temperature or mechanical parts operated with reactive chemicals. In addition, by imprinting wavy patterns, the surface area can be increased. Therefore high efficiency heat exchangers can be built. Moreover, this method can be applied on SOFCs (solid oxide fuel cell) by fabricating YSZ (yttria stabilized zirconia) micro channels.

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A corrugated mesoscale structure on electrode–electrolyte interface for enhancing cell performance in anode-supported SOFC

Cited by 48 publications

References 16 publications

Guidelines for the Rational Design and Engineering of 3D Manufactured Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Composite Electrodes

Guidelines for the Rational Design and Engineering of 3D Manufactured Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Composite Electrodes

Development of Corrugated Ceramic Sheet for SOFC Electrolyte by Micro Imprint Process

Wavy Micro Channels in Micropatterned Ceramic Sheet Formed by Combined Process of Laser Beam Machining and Imprinting

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