A coral mitochondrial mutS gene

Pont-Kingdon, Geneviève; Okada, Norichika; Macfarlane, Jane L.; Beagley, C. Timothy; Wolstenholme, David R.; Cavalier‐Smith, Thomas; Clark-Walker, G. D.

doi:10.1038/375109b0

Cited by 130 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Specifically, the M ORF of V. ellipsiformis exhibits a moderate degree of sequence similarity (E-value of 0.003) with the N-terminal nucleotide-binding domain of the seryl-tRNA synthetase, indicating that it could potentially be a DNA-or RNA-binding protein. Interestingly, many of the ''extra'' ORFs discovered in invertebrate mitochondrial genomes contain amino acid patterns characteristic of interaction with DNA (e.g., Pont-Kingdon et al 1995Shao et al 2006;Gissi et al 2008). Sequence comparisons among M ORFs reveal high variability in length ( Figure 2) and a low extent of amino acid sequence similarity ($20% similarity between each species pair comparison).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Mitochondrial Genomics of Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionoida) With Doubly Uniparental Inheritance of mtDNA: Gender-Specific Open Reading Frames and Putative Origins of Replication

et al. 2009

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Doubly uniparental inheritance (DUI) of mitochondrial DNA in marine mussels (Mytiloida), freshwater mussels (Unionoida), and marine clams (Veneroida) is the only known exception to the general rule of strict maternal transmission of mtDNA in animals. DUI is characterized by the presence of genderassociated mitochondrial DNA lineages that are inherited through males (male-transmitted or M types) or females (female-transmitted or F types), respectively. This unusual system constitutes an excellent model for studying basic aspects of mitochondrial DNA inheritance and the evolution of mtDNA genomes in general.Here we compare published mitochondrial genomes of unionoid bivalve species with DUI, with an emphasis on characterizing unassigned regions, to identify regions of the F and M mtDNA genomes that could (i) play a role in replication or transcription of the mtDNA molecule and/or (ii) determine whether a genome will be transmitted via the female or the male gamete. Our results reveal the presence of one Fspecific and one M-specific open reading frames (ORFs), and we hypothesize that they play a role in the transmission and/or gender-specific adaptive functions of the M and F mtDNA genomes in unionoid bivalves. Three major unassigned regions shared among all F and M unionoid genomes have also been identified, and our results indicate that (i) two of them are potential heavy-strand control regions (O H ) for regulating replication and/or transcription and that (ii) multiple and potentially bidirectional light-strand origins of replication (O L ) are present in unionoid F and M mitochondrial genomes. We propose that unassigned regions are the most promising candidate sequences in which to find regulatory and/or genderspecific sequences that could determine whether a mitochondrial genome will be maternally or paternally transmitted.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Mitochondrial Genomics of Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionoida) With Doubly Uniparental Inheritance of mtDNA: Gender-Specific Open Reading Frames and Putative Origins of Replication

et al. 2009

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“…It must be kept in mind that, in contrast with yeast, the mutation rate in mammalian mtDNA is high (1). A mutS-like gene has recently been identified in the mtDNA of an invertebrate, the octocoral Sarcophyton glaucum (45). It would be extremely interesting to determine whether mitochondrial mismatch repair exists in humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of 3′-5′ Exonucleolytic Proofreading and Mismatch Repair in Yeast Mitochondrial DNA Error Avoidance

Vanderstraeten

Brûle

et al. 1998

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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In the D171G/D230A mutant generated at conserved aspartate residues in the Exo1 and Exo2 sites of the 3-5 exonuclease domain of the yeast mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymerase (pol-␥), the mitochondrial genome is unstable and the frequency of mtDNA point mutations is 1500 times higher than in the wild-type strain and 10 times higher than in single substitution mutants. The 10 4 -fold decrease in the 3-5 exonuclease activity of the purified mtDNA polymerase is associated with mismatch extension and high rates of base misincorporation. Processivity of the purified polymerase on primed single-stranded DNA is decreased and the K m for dNTP is increased. The sequencing of mtDNA point mutations in the wild-type strain and in proofreading and mismatch-repair deficient mutants shows that mismatch repair contributes to elimination of the transitions while exonucleolytic proofreading preferentially repairs transversions, and more specifically A to T (or T to A) transversions. However, even in the wild-type strain, A to T (or T to A) transversions are the most frequent substitutions, suggesting that they are imperfectly repaired. The combination of both mismatch repair and proofreading deficiencies elicits a mitochondrial error catastrophe. These data show that the faithful replication of yeast mtDNA requires both exonucleolytic proofreading and mismatch repair.

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“…Wolstenholme (1992) has shown that the mitochondrial genome of the anthozoan Metridium senile has only two tRNAs in contrast to the 22 found normally and has two introns, a phenomenon not observed in the animal mitochondrial genome. The mitochondrial genome of another anthozoan, Sarcophyton glaucum, has been determined to contain a homologue of MutS, a component of the bacterial MutSLH mismatch repair pathway (Pont- Kingdon et al 1995). These authors suggest that a mismatch repair mecha-nism, unknown to date in any other animals, exists in the mitochondrial genome of this anthozoan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Molecular evolution of a portion of the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal gene region in scleractinian corals

1997

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Abstract. Relationships among families and suborders of scleractinian corals are poorly understood because of difficulties 1) in making inferences about the evolution of the morphological characters used in coral taxonomy and 2) in interpreting their 240-million-year fossil record. Here we describe patterns of molecular evolution in a segment of the mitochondrial (mt) 16S ribosomal gene from taxa of 14 families of corals and the use of this gene segment in a phylogenetic analysis of relationships within the order. We show that sequences obtained from scleractinians are homologous to other metazoan 16S ribosomal sequences and fall into two distinct clades defined by size of the amplified gene product. Comparisons of sequences from the two clades demonstrate that both sets of sequences are evolving under similar evolutionary constraints: they do not differ in nucleotide composition, numbers of transition and transversion substitutions, spatial patterns of substitutions, or in rates of divergence. The characteristics and patterns observed in these sequences as well as the secondary structures, are similar to those observed in mt 16S ribosomal DNA sequences from other taxa. Phylogenetic analysis of these sequences shows that they are useful for evaluating relationships within the order. The hypothesis generated from this analysis differs from traditional hypotheses for evolutionary relationships among the Scleractinia and suggests that a reevaluation of evolutionary affinities in the order is needed.

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A coral mitochondrial mutS gene

Cited by 130 publications

References 11 publications

Comparative Mitochondrial Genomics of Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionoida) With Doubly Uniparental Inheritance of mtDNA: Gender-Specific Open Reading Frames and Putative Origins of Replication

Comparative Mitochondrial Genomics of Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionoida) With Doubly Uniparental Inheritance of mtDNA: Gender-Specific Open Reading Frames and Putative Origins of Replication

The Role of 3′-5′ Exonucleolytic Proofreading and Mismatch Repair in Yeast Mitochondrial DNA Error Avoidance

Molecular evolution of a portion of the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal gene region in scleractinian corals

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