A Copper Cofactor for the Ethylene Receptor ETR1 from
            <i>Arabidopsis</i>

Rodrı́guez, Fernando I.; Esch, Jeffrey J.; Hall, Anne; Binder, Brad M.; Schäller, G.; Bleecker, Anthony B.

doi:10.1126/science.283.5404.996

Cited by 595 publications

(593 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…As previously reported [5], addition of both CuSO 4 and AgNO 3 led to an increase in ethylene binding in ETR1 (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Gold Ions Support High-affinity Ethylene Binding In Etr1supporting

confidence: 87%

“…It has been shown that Cu(I) ions are required for high-affinity ethylene binding in exogenously expressed ETR1 receptors [5] supporting earlier speculations about the requirement for a transition metal cofactor for ethylene binding [7,8]. Additionally, genetic studies indicate that the RAN1 copper transporter acts upstream of the receptors [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…The cells were then disrupted and membranes isolated as previously described [5]. Membranes were rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at À80°C until used.…”

Section: Preparation Of Yeast Membranes and Ethylene Binding Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The indicated concentration of metal salt was added to the assay buffer just prior to assaying ethylene binding. Saturable ethylene binding in isolated yeast membranes expressing full-length ETR1 protein was determined using the methods of Sisler [14] as modified by others [5]. Data presented in Fig.…”

Section: Preparation Of Yeast Membranes and Ethylene Binding Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of Group 11 transition metals, including gold, on ethylene binding to the ETR1 receptor and growth of Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2007

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It has been previously shown that Cu(I) and the ethylene response antagonist, Ag(I), support ethylene binding to exogenously expressed ETR1 ethylene receptors. Both are Group 11 transition metals that also include gold. We compared the effects of gold ions with those of Cu(I) and Ag(I) on ethylene binding in exogenously expressed ETR1 receptors and on ethylene growth responses in etiolated Arabidopsis seedlings. We find that gold ions also support ethylene binding but, unlike Ag(I), do not block ethylene action on plants. Instead, like Cu(I), gold ions affect seedlings independently of ethylene signaling.

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“…As previously reported [5], addition of both CuSO 4 and AgNO 3 led to an increase in ethylene binding in ETR1 (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Gold Ions Support High-affinity Ethylene Binding In Etr1supporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…The cells were then disrupted and membranes isolated as previously described [5]. Membranes were rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at À80°C until used.…”

Section: Preparation Of Yeast Membranes and Ethylene Binding Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Preparation Of Yeast Membranes and Ethylene Binding Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of Group 11 transition metals, including gold, on ethylene binding to the ETR1 receptor and growth of Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2007

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“…The ethylene receptors require the copper ion for high-affinity ethylene binding. 29 Silver can substitute for copper as a cofactor and thereby inhibit ethylene responses. 30 In the presence of STS, wild-type plants showed increased leaf expansion as previously reported.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The E3 ubiquitin ligase HOS1 is involved in ethylene regulation of leaf expansion inArabidopsis

Lee

Seo

2015

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Ethylene regulates a variety of physiological processes, such as flowering, senescence, abscission, and fruit ripening. In particular, leaf expansion is also controlled by ethylene in Arabidopsis. Exogenous treatment with ethylene inhibits leaf expansion, and consistently, ethylene insensitive mutants show increased leaf area. Here, we report that the RING finger-containing E3 ubiquitin ligase HIGH EXPRESSION OF OSMOTICALLY RESPONSIVE GENES 1 (HOS1) regulates leaf expansion in an ethylene signaling pathway. The HOS1-deficient mutant showed reduced leaf area and was insensitive to ethylene perception inhibitor, silver thiosulfate (STS). Accordingly, genes encoding ethylene signaling components were significantly up-regulated in hos1-3. This study demonstrates that the HOS1 protein is involved in ethylene signal transduction for the proper regulation of leaf expansion possibly under environmentally stressful conditions.Leaf expansion is a crucial process that not only determines the shape and size of mature leaves but also ensures its photosynthetic capacity for plant growth and development. 1,2 It is influenced by multiplicity of environmental factors, such as water availability and day length. 3,4 In addition, endogenous hormone signaling is also intensively involved in the control of leaf expansion. Promotive roles of auxin, brassinosteroid, and gibberellin in leaf expansion have been demonstrated. [5][6][7] The simple hydrocarbon ethylene is a gaseous plant hormone that regulates a variety of developmental processes, such as seed germination, cell elongation, abscission, senescence, sex determination, and fruit ripening. [8][9][10][11][12][13] It has been also proposed that ethylene negatively regulates leaf expansion process. Exogenous ethylene treatment results in reduced leaf area. 14 Furthermore, ethylene insensitive mutants, such as ethylene receptor 1 (etr1) and ethylene response sensor 1 (ers1), show increased leaf size. 15,16 Five receptor isoforms are responsible for ethylene perception: ETR1, ETR2, ERS1, ERS2, and ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 4 (EIN4). 17 Their ethylene perception is integrated into a negative regulator of ethylene signaling, CONSTITUTIVE TRIPLE RESPONSE 1 (CTR1) Ser/Thr protein kinase, 18 which in turn regulates a series of transcriptional cascades in order to control ethylene-dependent physiological processes. EIN2 is a representative positive signaling regulator and subsequently activates genes encoding EIN3 and related EIN3-LIKE (EIL), which further regulate expression of ETHYLENE-RESPONSE FACTORs (ERFs). 19,20 In the presence of ethylene, ethylene receptors inactivate kinase activity of CTR1 so that subsequent transcriptional cascades are activated. 21 Although ethylene signaling pathways have been intensively investigated, its intricate networks with other signaling pathways remain to be unraveled.The RING-type E3 ligase HOS1 was originally reported as cold signaling attenuator. 22 The cold-activated HOS1 protein executes protein turnover of the INDUCER OF CBF EXPRESSION1 (ICE1) MYC-l...

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Plant Hormones

Cutler

Nelson

2017

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Plant hormones coordinate physiology and development between organ systems, which can often be separated by large distances. In this article, we focus on the set of nine small molecule plant hormone families that are present throughout land plants: auxins, gibberellins, jasmonates, salicylates, brassinolides, strigolactones, cytokinins, abscisic acid, and ethylene. We cover the basic aspects of their physiological roles, biosynthesis, signal transduction and agricultural relevance. We note commonalities in the molecular mechanisms of plant hormone perception and signal transduction; for example, hormone‐stabilised protein–protein interactions, that are often linked directly to ubiquitylation of downstream effector proteins are prevalent. Plant hormone signalling pathways preferentially exploit soluble receptors over transmembrane receptors; brassinosteroids are the only hormone family known to act through a classical plasma membrane‐anchored receptor kinase, a modality common in animal signal transduction pathways. Plant hormones provide a complementary set of molecular solutions to the biological problem of communicating information over long distances in multicellular organisms. Key Concepts Plant hormones are small organic molecules that can act at a distance from their site of synthesis with high potency. At least nine hormones are present throughout most land plants and function in long‐distance communication. Most plant hormones are perceived by soluble receptors. Synthetic plant hormone mimics and inhibitors have been developed for agriculture.

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A Copper Cofactor for the Ethylene Receptor ETR1 from Arabidopsis

Cited by 595 publications

References 19 publications

The effects of Group 11 transition metals, including gold, on ethylene binding to the ETR1 receptor and growth of Arabidopsis thaliana

The effects of Group 11 transition metals, including gold, on ethylene binding to the ETR1 receptor and growth of Arabidopsis thaliana

The E3 ubiquitin ligase HOS1 is involved in ethylene regulation of leaf expansion inArabidopsis

Plant Hormones

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